The Safety and Efficacy of Combination Therapy of Dapagliflozin and Metformin in Patient with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Review Study

Background: Sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a new class that approved by FDA for patient with type 2 DM. Dapagliflozin alone or in combination therapy with metformin provided effective glycemic control and HbA1c reduction, with minimal hypoglycemia and hypotension adverse effects. Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the combination therapy of dapagliflozin and metformin in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Methods: Research was conducted through MEDLINE and Embase databases in search of randomized controlled studies including dapagliflozin, sodium glucose co-transporter 2, metformin, and efficacy. Results: Forty seven articles were spotted, 3 randomized controlled studies were involved in this review. Dapagliflozin and metformin combination was found beneficial in HbA1c reduction equal to 20.7% - 31.5% from the baseline compared to patients on metformin alone. 40.6% of patients on combination therapy achieved the ADA recommended reduction in HbA1c to less than 7%. Moreover fasting plasma glucose level was reduced by 23.4 mg/dl from the baseline in the combination therapy compared to 5.9 mg/dl in metformin group. Body weight reduction was statistically significant (P Conclusion: The combination therapy of dapagliflozin and metformin found to be safe and effective in type 2 diabetes mellitus management with minimal adverse effects.