Possible Effect of COVID-19 Vaccines on Menstruation in Cape Coast, Ghana, West Africa: Case Series Report

Covid-19 was declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization;it has caused more than 4,697,099 deaths worldwide. Since the discovery of Vaccines, the rate of infections and deaths are declining in countries that were able to conduct mass vaccination, making the vaccines the most effect tool in the fight against Covid-19. However, there is still vaccination skepticism. The side effects of vaccines could fuel more skepticism. There are emerging possible new side effects such as abnormal uterine bleeding post Covid-19 vaccination, for which health care providers and the population should be aware. In this paper, we are reporting three (3) cases of abnormal uterine bleeding which seems to be linked to Covid-19 vaccines. We reported two incidents of heavy menstrual bleeding and one incident of inter-menstrual bleeding which are likely associated with COVID 19 vaccination, even though the causality could not be confirmed. Also both types of vaccines, Messenger RNA and Adenovirus vector could possibly be associated with abnormal uterine bleeding. As research is still ongoing, more knowledge would be available, meanwhile, healthcare providers and the population should be made aware of the new possible side effects of Covid-19 vaccines.