摘要
<strong>Background:</strong><span style="font-family:;" "=""> <i>Celosia laxa (</i>Amaranthaceae) is mainly a west African plant species used in Traditional Medicine as an anthelmintic, anticancer, antibacterial and analgesic agent. The seeming prevalence of worm infection in Gwandu </span><span style="font-family:;" "="">community of Gwandu Local Government Area of Kebbi State-Nigeria</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> prompted this study. <b>Methods:</b><i> </i>Whole plant of <i>C. laxa</i> extracts obtained through maceration in aqueous (AE), methanol (ME) and hexane (HE) solvents were investi</span><span style="font-family:;" "="">gated for their anthelmintic activity against Indian earthworms (<i>Pheretima posthuman) </i>at four different (gradient) concentrations of<i> </i>10, 20, 40 and 8<span>0 (mg/ml) for each extract. The study involved the determination of time of paralysis (P) and time of death (D) of the worms. <b>Results:</b> Both the aqueous and ethanolic extracts exhibited significant anthelmintic activity at the highest con</span>centration of 80 mg/ml as compared to the standard drug, praziquantel (10</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "="">mg/ml). Consequently, the aqueous extract showed a higher activity at 80</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "="">mg/ml compared to standard praziquantel at 10</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "="">mg/ml (with no significant value of p</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "="">0.05). The time of paralysis and death observed for AE was 13.0 ± 1.8 and 16.8 ± 1.5 while the ME was less bioactive with 15.7 ± 0.5 and 23.0 ± 0.0 respectively. However, on the other hand, the hexane extract recorded no-activity on all the test</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "="">sample concentrations, compared</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> to </span><span style="font-family:;" "="">the standard drug (with a significant difference of p-value, p</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "="">></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "="">0.05). <b>Conclusion:</b> It was concluded that the leaves of <i>C. laxa</i> </span><span style="font-family:;" "="">are</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> likely to yield a potent anthelminthic drug owing to soluble phytoconstituent which are largely hydrophilicity extracted by the polar solvents. Also, considering that the plants’ mode of preparation for use by the locals was aqueous decoction before administration, the folkloric therapeutic claims can be said to have been justified.</span>
<strong>Background:</strong><span style="font-family:;" "=""> <i>Celosia laxa (</i>Amaranthaceae) is mainly a west African plant species used in Traditional Medicine as an anthelmintic, anticancer, antibacterial and analgesic agent. The seeming prevalence of worm infection in Gwandu </span><span style="font-family:;" "="">community of Gwandu Local Government Area of Kebbi State-Nigeria</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> prompted this study. <b>Methods:</b><i> </i>Whole plant of <i>C. laxa</i> extracts obtained through maceration in aqueous (AE), methanol (ME) and hexane (HE) solvents were investi</span><span style="font-family:;" "="">gated for their anthelmintic activity against Indian earthworms (<i>Pheretima posthuman) </i>at four different (gradient) concentrations of<i> </i>10, 20, 40 and 8<span>0 (mg/ml) for each extract. The study involved the determination of time of paralysis (P) and time of death (D) of the worms. <b>Results:</b> Both the aqueous and ethanolic extracts exhibited significant anthelmintic activity at the highest con</span>centration of 80 mg/ml as compared to the standard drug, praziquantel (10</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "="">mg/ml). Consequently, the aqueous extract showed a higher activity at 80</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "="">mg/ml compared to standard praziquantel at 10</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "="">mg/ml (with no significant value of p</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "="">0.05). The time of paralysis and death observed for AE was 13.0 ± 1.8 and 16.8 ± 1.5 while the ME was less bioactive with 15.7 ± 0.5 and 23.0 ± 0.0 respectively. However, on the other hand, the hexane extract recorded no-activity on all the test</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "="">sample concentrations, compared</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> to </span><span style="font-family:;" "="">the standard drug (with a significant difference of p-value, p</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "="">></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "="">0.05). <b>Conclusion:</b> It was concluded that the leaves of <i>C. laxa</i> </span><span style="font-family:;" "="">are</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> likely to yield a potent anthelminthic drug owing to soluble phytoconstituent which are largely hydrophilicity extracted by the polar solvents. Also, considering that the plants’ mode of preparation for use by the locals was aqueous decoction before administration, the folkloric therapeutic claims can be said to have been justified.</span>
作者
Sylvester Nefai Mathias
Emmanuel Halilu Mshelia
Bala Bilyaminu Danbala
Aminu Ahmed Biambo
Sylvester Nefai Mathias;Emmanuel Halilu Mshelia;Bala Bilyaminu Danbala;Aminu Ahmed Biambo(Department of Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacy, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria;Faculty of Pharmacy, Cyprus International University, Haspolat/Nicosia, Mersin, Turkey;Department of Clinical and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria)