摘要
The biology of a koinobiont parasitoid of leaf-cutting ant larvae, <span style="color:#4D5156;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><i></i></span><i><i>Szelenyiopria talitae<span style="color:#4D5156;background-color:#FFFFFF;"></span></i></i> (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae), was studied from naturally infested <span style="color:#4D5156;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><i></i></span><i><i>Acromyrmex subterraneus<span style="color:#4D5156;background-color:#FFFFFF;"></span></i></i> (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) nests. Nests were collected in the field from the Atlantic rainforest biome in the state of Rio de Janeiro. A total of fifty-three nests were collected from 2015 to 2018. Parasitized nests were only found during the months of September and October. Approximately 22% of the nests collected over a four-year period were found to have been parasitized by <span style="color:#4D5156;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><i></i></span><i><i>S. talitae<span style="color:#4D5156;background-color:#FFFFFF;"></span></i></i>. The mean within-nest parasitism rate was<span "=""> 66.3%. This diapriid displayed both solitary (14%) and gregarious parasitism (86%), with up to a maximum of 12 parasitoids developing within a single host. Gregarious parasitism with two (29%) or three (21%) <span style="color:#4D5156;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><i></i></span><i><i>S. talitae<span style="color:#4D5156;background-color:#FFFFFF;"></span></i></i></span><i></i> per host was most frequently observed. There was a positive correlation between the number of parasitoids per host and host size (dry weight), indicating that <span style="color:#4D5156;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><i></i></span><i><i>S. talitae<span style="color:#4D5156;background-color:#FFFFFF;"></span></i></i> females oviposited a higher number of eggs in larger hosts. There was also a negative correlation between <span style="color:#4D5156;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><i></i></span><i><i>S.</i> <i>talitae<span style="color:#4D5156;background-color:#FFFFFF;"></span></i></i> pharate adult size and the number of parasitoids per host, which could have been caused by sibling competition for limited host resources. The high levels of parasitism seen here had a debilitating effect on the colonies. <span style="color:#4D5156;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><i></i></span><i><i>Acromyrmex subterraneus<span style="color:#4D5156;background-color:#FFFFFF;"></span></i></i> is a serious pest in Brazil, and these studies lay the foundation for understanding the impact of <span style="color:#4D5156;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><i></i></span><i><i>S. talitae<span style="color:#4D5156;background-color:#FFFFFF;"></span></i></i> on ant populations.
The biology of a koinobiont parasitoid of leaf-cutting ant larvae, <span style="color:#4D5156;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><i></i></span><i><i>Szelenyiopria talitae<span style="color:#4D5156;background-color:#FFFFFF;"></span></i></i> (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae), was studied from naturally infested <span style="color:#4D5156;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><i></i></span><i><i>Acromyrmex subterraneus<span style="color:#4D5156;background-color:#FFFFFF;"></span></i></i> (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) nests. Nests were collected in the field from the Atlantic rainforest biome in the state of Rio de Janeiro. A total of fifty-three nests were collected from 2015 to 2018. Parasitized nests were only found during the months of September and October. Approximately 22% of the nests collected over a four-year period were found to have been parasitized by <span style="color:#4D5156;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><i></i></span><i><i>S. talitae<span style="color:#4D5156;background-color:#FFFFFF;"></span></i></i>. The mean within-nest parasitism rate was<span "=""> 66.3%. This diapriid displayed both solitary (14%) and gregarious parasitism (86%), with up to a maximum of 12 parasitoids developing within a single host. Gregarious parasitism with two (29%) or three (21%) <span style="color:#4D5156;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><i></i></span><i><i>S. talitae<span style="color:#4D5156;background-color:#FFFFFF;"></span></i></i></span><i></i> per host was most frequently observed. There was a positive correlation between the number of parasitoids per host and host size (dry weight), indicating that <span style="color:#4D5156;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><i></i></span><i><i>S. talitae<span style="color:#4D5156;background-color:#FFFFFF;"></span></i></i> females oviposited a higher number of eggs in larger hosts. There was also a negative correlation between <span style="color:#4D5156;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><i></i></span><i><i>S.</i> <i>talitae<span style="color:#4D5156;background-color:#FFFFFF;"></span></i></i> pharate adult size and the number of parasitoids per host, which could have been caused by sibling competition for limited host resources. The high levels of parasitism seen here had a debilitating effect on the colonies. <span style="color:#4D5156;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><i></i></span><i><i>Acromyrmex subterraneus<span style="color:#4D5156;background-color:#FFFFFF;"></span></i></i> is a serious pest in Brazil, and these studies lay the foundation for understanding the impact of <span style="color:#4D5156;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><i></i></span><i><i>S. talitae<span style="color:#4D5156;background-color:#FFFFFF;"></span></i></i> on ant populations.
作者
Thalles Cardoso Mattoso
Denise Delores Oliveira Moreira
Thais Berçot Pontes Teodoro
Claudio Luiz Moreira de Souza
Rita de Kássia Guarnier da Silva
Veronica de Morais
Carlos Peres Silva
Milton Erthal Jr.
Richard Ian Samuels
Thalles Cardoso Mattoso;Denise Delores Oliveira Moreira;Thais Berçot Pontes Teodoro;Claudio Luiz Moreira de Souza;Rita de Kássia Guarnier da Silva;Veronica de Morais;Carlos Peres Silva;Milton Erthal Jr.;Richard Ian Samuels(Laboratório de Entomologia e Fitopatologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;Universidade Candido Mendes, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil;Instituto Federal Fluminense Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)