摘要
Eight apple (Malus x domestica) and two pear (Pyrus communis) traditional cultivars of commercial interest were selected from the germplasm bank CIAM (Centro de Investigaciones Agrarias de Mabegondo, NW of Spain) one of the most important collections of The Iberian Peninsula. In order to define the establishment protocol, apical buds 1.0 - 1.5 millimetre length of the selected cultivars were established in solid mineral medium Murashige and Skoog (MS) with modified vitamins (thiamine 10X) and supplemented with 1 mg·L-1 6-benzyladenine (BA), 0.2 mg·L-1 gibberellic acid (GA3) and 0.3 mg·L-1 of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). The highest shoot initiation rates were achieved with apple cultivar “Principe Grande” (55%) and “Barburiña” pear cultivar (50%);the lowest rate was obtained with apple cultivar “Camoesa” (11%). Initiation rates for shoots culture varied between 22% and 37% for the other cultivars. The cytokinins BA, zeatin, 2-isopentyladenine (2iP) and thidiazuron (TDZ) were tested at concentrations of 0, 0.25, 0.5 and 1 mg·L-1 in the absence or presence of IBA (0.1 mg·L-1) for the multiplication step. For all cultivars, the highest multiplication rates were obtained with medium supplemented with TDZ and also in media containing BA. The in vitro rooting success of shoots in medium with 0.1 mg·L-1 IBA without cytokinins, and the survival rate of plantlets acclimatized under greenhouse conditions depended on the genotype of the different cultivars. In vitro propagation of these ten traditional apple and pear cultivars in NW Spain has not previously been reported.
Eight apple (Malus x domestica) and two pear (Pyrus communis) traditional cultivars of commercial interest were selected from the germplasm bank CIAM (Centro de Investigaciones Agrarias de Mabegondo, NW of Spain) one of the most important collections of The Iberian Peninsula. In order to define the establishment protocol, apical buds 1.0 - 1.5 millimetre length of the selected cultivars were established in solid mineral medium Murashige and Skoog (MS) with modified vitamins (thiamine 10X) and supplemented with 1 mg·L-1 6-benzyladenine (BA), 0.2 mg·L-1 gibberellic acid (GA3) and 0.3 mg·L-1 of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). The highest shoot initiation rates were achieved with apple cultivar “Principe Grande” (55%) and “Barburiña” pear cultivar (50%);the lowest rate was obtained with apple cultivar “Camoesa” (11%). Initiation rates for shoots culture varied between 22% and 37% for the other cultivars. The cytokinins BA, zeatin, 2-isopentyladenine (2iP) and thidiazuron (TDZ) were tested at concentrations of 0, 0.25, 0.5 and 1 mg·L-1 in the absence or presence of IBA (0.1 mg·L-1) for the multiplication step. For all cultivars, the highest multiplication rates were obtained with medium supplemented with TDZ and also in media containing BA. The in vitro rooting success of shoots in medium with 0.1 mg·L-1 IBA without cytokinins, and the survival rate of plantlets acclimatized under greenhouse conditions depended on the genotype of the different cultivars. In vitro propagation of these ten traditional apple and pear cultivars in NW Spain has not previously been reported.
