摘要
In Senegal, tomato (<i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Solanum lycopersicum</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> L.) cultivation is affected by salinity in many agro-ecological zones. The selection of salt tolerant varieties would be an alternative solution to enhance the production. Thus, germination and growth are studied under axenic conditions for five varieties of tomato subjected to increasing concentrations of NaCl [0, 35, 70 and 105 mM], and supplemented in an MS/2 medium for 30 days. The results reveal that salt negatively affects the evaluated parameters. The </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Rodeo</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Lady Nema </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">varieties have the lowest final germination rates (50%) unlike the </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Mongal</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> variety (55%). These last two varieties have a decrease of 71.78% and 81.28% in the height of the stem, respectively, in the presence of NaCl at [105 mM] while that of the </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Rodeo</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> variety is 70%. The </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Xewel</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> variety has the greatest average number of leaves in the presence of [NaCl 35 mM] (4.95 leaves) and [NaCl 70 mM] (4.77 leaves). The </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Lady Nema</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> variety records the longest taproot length (2.99 cm) unlike the </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Rodeo</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> variety (2.25 cm) at [NaCl 105 mM]. The </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Ganila</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> variety reveals the highest number of secondary roots at the concentrations of [0, 35 and 105 mM] of NaCl with, respectively, 44.12, 29.25, and 4.25 roots. The </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Lady Nema</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> variety records the highest fresh weight of aerial (0.055 g) and root parts (0.014 g) and the lowest root dry weights (0.0023 g). These results allow to conclude that the </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Lady Nema </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Mongal</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> varieties seem more tolerant, </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Ganila </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Xewel</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> are moderately tolerant and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Rodeo</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> is more sensitive to the presence of salt.</span>
In Senegal, tomato (<i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Solanum lycopersicum</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> L.) cultivation is affected by salinity in many agro-ecological zones. The selection of salt tolerant varieties would be an alternative solution to enhance the production. Thus, germination and growth are studied under axenic conditions for five varieties of tomato subjected to increasing concentrations of NaCl [0, 35, 70 and 105 mM], and supplemented in an MS/2 medium for 30 days. The results reveal that salt negatively affects the evaluated parameters. The </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Rodeo</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Lady Nema </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">varieties have the lowest final germination rates (50%) unlike the </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Mongal</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> variety (55%). These last two varieties have a decrease of 71.78% and 81.28% in the height of the stem, respectively, in the presence of NaCl at [105 mM] while that of the </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Rodeo</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> variety is 70%. The </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Xewel</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> variety has the greatest average number of leaves in the presence of [NaCl 35 mM] (4.95 leaves) and [NaCl 70 mM] (4.77 leaves). The </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Lady Nema</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> variety records the longest taproot length (2.99 cm) unlike the </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Rodeo</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> variety (2.25 cm) at [NaCl 105 mM]. The </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Ganila</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> variety reveals the highest number of secondary roots at the concentrations of [0, 35 and 105 mM] of NaCl with, respectively, 44.12, 29.25, and 4.25 roots. The </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Lady Nema</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> variety records the highest fresh weight of aerial (0.055 g) and root parts (0.014 g) and the lowest root dry weights (0.0023 g). These results allow to conclude that the </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Lady Nema </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Mongal</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> varieties seem more tolerant, </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Ganila </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Xewel</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> are moderately tolerant and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Rodeo</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> is more sensitive to the presence of salt.</span>
作者
Abdou Khadre Sané
Bassirou Diallo
Aboubacry Kane
Maurice Sagna
Djibril Sané
Mame Ourèye Sy
Abdou Khadre Sané;Bassirou Diallo;Aboubacry Kane;Maurice Sagna;Djibril Sané;Mame Ourèye Sy(Laboratoire Campus de Biotechnologies végétales, Département de Biologie Végétale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Sénégal;Laboratoire Mixte International-Adaptation des Plantes et Microorganismes associés aux Stress Environnementaux (LMI-LAPSE), IRD, ISRA, UCAD, Dakar, Sénégal;Laboratoire National de Recherches sur les Productions Végétales (LNRPV), Unité de recherche en culture in vitro (URCI), Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles (ISRA), Dakar, Sénégal)