摘要
The contaminants of the ground are potentially harmful agents and when they are released in this medium, their persistence becomes an important concern. Because of the expressed interest, a certain number of pesticides and important chemicals and their toxicity are described in this article. The studies went on the determination of the concentration, the lethal amount of the organochlorinated compounds, chemical organophosphates, carbamates and compounds. One summer recorded 3 pesticides in 5 samples of the grounds of Sikasso and Segou (Mali). Their concentration varies from 20 (atrazine) with 45 g/kg of ground. The lethal amounts of the revealed poisons variable from 338 for phtalates to 28.710 mg/kg for hexane (alkane) thus evaluate their impact on the food chain. Organophosphates and the carbamates (insecticidal) involve a reduction of 34.2% of the number of Cyprinus carpio of fresh water. The atrazine contaminates drinking water, but the diuron modifies the behavior and the reproduction of fish by deteriorating their system of olfactive perception of natural substances. Important mortalities of birds are noted around the corn fields of Bougouni treated by the carbofuran. The pesticides involve at the man a reduction in fruitfulness, an increase in the risk of miscarriage of premature birth, congenital malformations and cancers.
The contaminants of the ground are potentially harmful agents and when they are released in this medium, their persistence becomes an important concern. Because of the expressed interest, a certain number of pesticides and important chemicals and their toxicity are described in this article. The studies went on the determination of the concentration, the lethal amount of the organochlorinated compounds, chemical organophosphates, carbamates and compounds. One summer recorded 3 pesticides in 5 samples of the grounds of Sikasso and Segou (Mali). Their concentration varies from 20 (atrazine) with 45 g/kg of ground. The lethal amounts of the revealed poisons variable from 338 for phtalates to 28.710 mg/kg for hexane (alkane) thus evaluate their impact on the food chain. Organophosphates and the carbamates (insecticidal) involve a reduction of 34.2% of the number of Cyprinus carpio of fresh water. The atrazine contaminates drinking water, but the diuron modifies the behavior and the reproduction of fish by deteriorating their system of olfactive perception of natural substances. Important mortalities of birds are noted around the corn fields of Bougouni treated by the carbofuran. The pesticides involve at the man a reduction in fruitfulness, an increase in the risk of miscarriage of premature birth, congenital malformations and cancers.
作者
Vital Traoré
Abdrahaman Sidibé
Ahoua Sika Edmond
Alou Coulibaly
Kalifa Keïta
Drissa Samake
Daniel Traoré
Sergey Kotelevtsev
Vital Traoré;Abdrahaman Sidibé;Ahoua Sika Edmond;Alou Coulibaly;Kalifa Keïta;Drissa Samake;Daniel Traoré;Sergey Kotelevtsev(1Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology (FST), University of Sciences of Technics and Technology of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali;Legislation Division and Phytosanitary Control, National Department of Agriculture, Bamako, Mali;Laboratory for Environmental Sciences, Department of Science and Environment Management, University of Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan, Ivory Coast;Physics Laboratory and Soil Chemistry, Rural Polytechnic Institute (RPI/IFRA), Katibougou, Mali;5Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology (FAST), University of Sciences of Technics and Technology of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali;Regional Directorate of Health Segou, Segou, Mali;Laboratory Physicochemical of Biomembrane, University of State Moscow, Moscow, Russia)
