湿地价值评估研究综述

A Review of Wetland Value Assessment

随着全球湿地面积不断减少,人类对湿地逐渐重视,湿地价值评估研究迅速发展。本文首先简要概述了湿地生态系统服务功能的两种主要分类方法和三种价值评估方法,并分析了三种评估方法的优劣,然后论述了国内外湿地价值评估的研究进展及研究成果,最后指出了目前湿地价值评估方法和评估体系存在不能体现生态系统动态变化过程以及内外因素对评估结果的影响,在评估过程中很少考虑各项功能是否能够正常发挥,以及功能交叉或漏算等问题。认为今后应深入了解生态系统内部结构,加强生态系统动态变化过程的研究,全面认识湿地生态系统的各项用途、功能,以及各功能之间的联系,减少外部因素在价值评估过程中的影响,从而建立全面的价值评估体系,为湿地的恢复、保护、开发利用提供基础和依据。

With the continuous reduction of the global wetland area,human beings have paid more and more attention to wetlands,and the evaluation of wetland value has developed rapidly.This paper briefly summarizes the two main classification methods and three value assessment methods of wetland ecosystem service functions,analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the three assessment methods,then discusses the research progress and research results of wetland value assessment at home and abroad,and finally points out that the existing wetland value assessment methods and assessment systems cannot reflect the dynamic process of ecosystem changes and the impact of internal and external factors on the assessment results.In the assessment process,it is rarely considered whether the functions can play properly,and the cross function or missing problems.It is believed that in the future,we should have an in-depth understanding to the internal structure of ecosystems,strengthen the study of the dynamic process of ecosystems,comprehensively understand the various uses and functions of wetland ecosystems and the links between functions,and reduce the impact of external factors in the value assessment process,thereby establishing a comprehensive value assessment system,providing a basis for the restoration,protection,development and utilization of wetlands.