太浦河水文水质时空变化规律分析

Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Surface Water Quality in Taipu River

基于R语言采用主成分分析法,对太浦河13个断面不同调水期的高锰酸盐指数、化学需氧量、生物需氧量、溶解氧等8个水质指标进行分析,识别提取了2个主成分因子:以高锰酸盐指数和氮磷营养盐为主的有机污染控制和石油类有机污染控制。研究了各主成分的空间分布特征以及流量、水位以及引水方式等不同水文条件下的变化规律。结果表明:总体京杭运河和江南运河污染最为严重,最高达到了3 mg/L,达到了劣V类浓度水平,是造成太浦河干流水质恶化的最主要原因;大流量、高水位条件下,太浦河干流水质明显改善,当下泄流量增大至200 m3/s时,氨氮浓度稳定在III类水水平;相同流量条件下,开启太浦河单向引水更有利于干流的水质提升。

Two principal components were extracted from the water quality parameters of Taipu River using the principal component analysis method. The first main factors are NH3-N, TN, TP, CODMn and the second main factor is oil. Besides, the spatial distribution characteristics and significance of the principal com-ponents and the variation of the principal components in different hydrological scenarios were studied. The results showed most polluted rivers are Beijing-Hangzhou Canal and Jiangnan Canal, the tributary pollution results in deterioration of water quality in the main stream of Taipu River. Water quality of Taipu River main stream is improved obviously under larger discharge of Taipu Sluice and higher water level of main stream. When the net average discharge was higher than 200 m3/s, the classification of mass concentration of ammonia nitrogen remained at Class III. Under the same flow conditions, water diversion from the Taipu River is more conducive to the improvement of the water quality of the main stream.