雷达测流技术研究进展

Study Progress of Radar Technology in River Flow Monitoring

江河流量监测是水文测验的重要内容,其对于水资源调度分配和防洪减灾意义重大。传统接触式测流作为最常用的测流方式,存在效率低、时效性差、洪水期测验困难等问题。雷达测流采用非接触式测流方法,因具有较好的测流精度,且不受气候条件、河水涨落、河道漂浮物等影响,弥补了传统测流方法的不足,在水文测验中得到了广泛应用。本文详述阐明了雷达测流原理、系统性总结了国内外雷达测流的发展历程和当前主流的雷达测流信号处理方法,指出了雷达测流技术研究中存在的主要问题并对未来的研究方向进行了展望,有助于促进雷达技术在江河流量监测中的应用和推广,提高水文测验的效率和安全性,推进智慧水文的建设与发展。

River flow measurement is an important content of hydrological monitoring, which is of great significance to water resources dispatching and distribution, flood prevention and disaster reduction. Traditional contact flow measurements, as the most commonly used flow measurement methods, have lots of problems such as low efficiency, poor timeliness, and difficulty in measuring during flood periods. Flow measurement of radar is a non-contact flow measurement method. Because it has good flow measurement accuracy and is not affected by weather conditions, river fluctuations, river floats, etc., it makes up for the shortcomings of traditional flow measurement methods and has been widely used in hydrological measurement. This paper clarifies the principle of radar flow measurement in detail, systematically summarizes the development history of radar technology in flow measurement and its signal processing methods, and points out the main problems and prospects in radar in flow measurement research, which is helpful to promote the application and popularization of radar technology in river flow monitoring, improve the efficiency and safety of hydrometric and promote the construction and development of smart hydrology.