母亲的後设情绪理念对国小子女依附倾向的影响

The Influence of Maternal Meta-emotion Philosophy on Children's Attachment Inclination

父母的後设情绪理念是指父母对孩童情绪表现所产生的情绪、行为、及信念，是一组对孩童负面情绪行为的稳定认知及反应行为组型，可以被区分为：教导、不干涉、摒除与失控四种类型。本研究讨论母亲的後设情绪理念差异，如何影响她对孩童的情绪教化方式，进而型塑出孩童对她的依附关系倾向。本研究以结构方程模型验证下述假设，结果显示资料符合情形良好：情绪教导理念特徵强的母亲，对子女形成母亲安全型的依附倾向有促进效果，而对形成母亲抗拒及逃避等不安全型的依附倾向有抑制作用；情绪摒除理念特徵强的母亲，则易使子女对她形成抗拒型的依附倾向，但对安全型及逃避型依附倾向发展的影响并不明显。研究进一步发现上述模型的关联性，在女儿身上的作用效果明显的大於儿子。

Parental meta-emotion philosophy, which is a stable pattern of parents’ cognition, reaction, and belief on children's negative emotional behaviors, can be categorized into four types: emotion-coaching, emotion-noninvolvement, emotion-dismissing, and emotion-dysfunction. This study discusses how the maternal meta-emotion philosophy differences affect mothers' interaction with children, and in turn shape children's attachment inclination to them. Structural equation modeling was used to test a hypothetic model and the results revealed a pretty good model fit. Mothers with higher emotion-coaching philosophy benefited children in achieving a more secure attachment, and inhibited inclination of insecure-resistant and insecure-avoidant attachment, whereas mothers with higher emotion-dismissing philosophy were more likely to cause their children to show more insecure-resistant attachment. Meanwhile, we also found that this association between meta-emotion philosophy and attachment style is better explained by the girls sample than by the boys sample.