从佛化婚礼看人间佛教的婚姻伦理

Study of Marriage Ethics of Humanistic Buddhism from the Buddhist Wedding

婚姻实是一门深奥的学问与一项艰钜的工程，更是高难度的修行艺术。现今离婚率居高不下，社会问题丛生，家庭功能不彰，已是普遍的事实。佛教在家居士藉尚婚姻生活以便锻链心智，学习为人处世之道。然而在家居士广布於各行各业之中，如何使其依循佛陀的教义，过着道德的良善生活，达到净化世间，成说人问净土，值得我们深思。透过认识佛教有关婚姻的道德规范，或许有助於和谐夫妻关系的确立，进而建立和乐家庭，使社会一片祥和。 本文欲藉由佛化婚礼仪式的进行，探究人间佛教的婚姻伦理。由佛教仪式的洗礼，缔结美满姻缘，成为佛化眷属。首言佛教伦理与全球伦理之相应处，并试由宗教、伦理学与人类学等跨学科的角度为研究的进路；其次，探讨婚姻伦理的基本内涵；再次，探究佛化婚礼的象徵义涵（仪式内涵与核心精神），於佛堂举行之佛化婚礼，由具佛教信仰之善男子与善女人，在佛像前宣誓，藉由僧侣的福证，及在仪式进行中的相关祷词、歌颂，完成佛化婚礼，进而成立佛化家庭；另外在前述的基础下，说明人问佛教的婚姻伦理，了解婚姻主体之善男子、善女人在婚姻关系中的责任、义务与相处之道；最後，期能揭示佛教婚姻伦理的实践意义与崇高价值。

Marriage can be viewed as a difficult lesson or construction work. For a religious person, marriage is one of religious practice as well. It is noticed that the divorce rate has remained at the high profile in current society. The values of family are no longer emphasized as earlier time. It will be an important subject for lay Buddhists who are not committed themselves as monks or nuns to understand if they may apply Buddha's teachings in their marriage life for a better marriage harmony and satisfaction. By reviewing the ceremony of Buddhist wedding including its procedures and the Buddhist ethics behind, we may have a better understanding of the symbolic meanings and core values of ceremony.