瑞比的哲学谘商方法介绍

An Introduction to Raabe's Methodology of Philosophical Counseling

本篇论文主要分成四个部份来谈，首先，在前官的部份，解释了哲学谘商的意义，提出了现在正是哲学家为每个人的问题尽力的时候，哲学是应该多谈些人类在日常生活中所面临的问题。哲学谘商师试着从问题中建立「开放性的对话」，帮助当事人或案主学习如何有效地阅读，并且回应每天围绕着当事人或案主的压力，由此发展出当事人或案主的自主性(the client's autonomy)。第二部份，谈到哲学谘商对话方法的介绍，包含了苏格拉底的进路(Socratic approach)、对话夥伴、教与学，以及团体讨论四种。第三部份，进入到本篇论文的主轴，瑞比哲学谘商方法的四个阶段介绍，包括了自由飘浮、当下问题的解决、意向性行为的教导，以及超验。最後，在结语中针对了瑞比的哲学谘商方法尝试做了回顾与检讨。

First, in the foreword, the writer explains the meaning of philosophical counseling and suggests that it's time for philosophers to make efforts solving everyone's problems and for philosophy to discuss the problems people face in everyday life. Philosophical counselors try to construct an ”open dialogue” on these problems, help the clients in how to read effectively and respond to the pressure thy are confronted with everyday whereby to develop the clients' autonomy. The second section introduces four methods of philosophical-counseling dialogue, including the Socratic approach, dialogue partners, teaching and leaning, along with group sessions. The third section is the core of this article, an introduction of the four stages of the methodology of philosophical counseling proposed by Raabe, the Swiss philosophical counselor. Finally, the writer tries to make a review and reflection on Raabe's methodology of philosophical counseling.