液压延时射孔起爆装置的研制与应用

Development and Application of Hydraulic Delay Firing Head

延时起爆技术在射孔作业中广泛应用,目前中国主要采用火药延时起爆技术。火药延时能量转换环节多,可靠性较低,延时范围小,在实际应用中存在不足。研究并实现了液压延时起爆技术,该技术通过压力控制,当压力值超过设计值时,剪断销钉启动延时系统,延时系统利用井筒压力和液压油的流动阻力控制延时时间,延时结束后,解锁点火系统,井筒压力推动击针撞击并引爆起爆器,实现射孔枪的起爆。液压延时起爆装置整体采用机械液压结构,与火药延时相比,具有稳定性高、安全可靠、检测方便、延时范围大等优点,已投入现场应用,效果良好。

As the delay perforating technology is widely used in TCP field,exploder-based delay is still the main choice despite it has plenty drawbacks.Due to its energy transforming theory,the exploder-based delay technology has a character of low responsibility and limited delay time.This research is aimed to overcome the drawbacks of the exploder-based delay by designing a hydraulicbased delay firing head which is controlled by hydraulic pressure.The hydraulic delay firing head is connected to the top of the perforating gun. When the tubing adds pressure to the predetermined pressure value,the shear pins will be sheared and active the delay process,which is controlled by the outside pressure and the flow resistance of the oil.The limit assembly structure can assure that after a certain time of delay,the firing pin will be unlocked to actuate the detonator,ultimately to initiate the perforating gun.As the hydraulic delay firing head is performed under the combination of mechanic structure and pressure control process,comparing with the exploder-based delay,it has high responsibility and stability.Furthermore,the product is easy to detect before use and is convenient for operation.Till now,the hydraulic delay technology has been applied in field,and has gained a good response.