神经母细胞瘤复发的相关分子机制研究现状

Research status of molecular mechanisms in neuroblastoma relapse

神经母细胞瘤(NB)是儿童期最常见的颅外实体瘤,大部分患者在诊断时已出现远处转移,因此临床常见高危NB病例.高危NB病例容易复发和耐药,治疗反应差,5年总体生存率非常低.NB的复发机制迄今尚未完全清楚,可能与MYCN基因、肿瘤干细胞(CSC)、间变性淋巴瘤激酶(ALK)基因、DNA甲基化、微小RNA(miRNA)、细胞衰老、白细胞介素(IL)-6/信号传导及转录激活因子(STAT)3信号通路有关.笔者就NB复发的可能相关分子机制进行阐述.

Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumor in childhood.Most NB cases have distant metastasis and are classified as high-risk.High-risk NB is also associated with frequent relapses and treatment-resistance.Children with recurrent or refractory NB have a less than 50％ response rate to alternative regimens and a very poor 5-year overall survival rate despite aggressive treatment.The mechanisms of NB relapses are still unclear.Current studies showed that some factors played roles during the recurrence of NB,such as MYCN oncogene,cancer stem cells (CSC),anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene,DNA methylation,micro RNA(miRNA),cellular senescence and interleukin (IL)-6/ signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT)3 signal pathway.This article reviews such related molecular mechanisism of NB relapse.