大隐静脉对侧转流术治疗慢性髂股静脉阻塞的疗效分析

Effect of contralateral saphenous vein bypass in the treatment of chronic femoral vein obstruction

目的 研究大隐静脉对侧转流术治疗慢性髂股静脉阻塞疾病的可行性、实用性.方法 回顾性分析中国医科大学附属盛京医院胆道血管外科2013年6月-2017年6月行大隐静脉对侧转流术的33例患者的病例资料,比较其术前与术后1周凝血指标、踝关节周径测量值的差异,并探讨手术方式的效果和优势.所有患者均于术后通过电话或门诊随访2个月,随访时间截止至2017年8月,随访内容包括下肢静息及活动后主观感觉、下肢肿胀程度等.计量资料采用均数±标准差((x)±s)表示,组间比较采用配对样本t检验.采用线性相关系数描述手术前后踝关节周径的差值与急性血栓后维持抗凝治疗时间的线性相关性.结果 与手术前情况相比,术后患者的活化部分凝血活酶时间[(21.93±3.36)s比(18.11±2.24)s,P＜0.05]、血栓弹力图R值[(5.45±0.73) min比(4.20±0.39)min,P＜0.05]、D-二聚体[(3 502.79±4 028.02) μg/L比(5 127.76±4 722.42) μg/L,P＜0.05]、踝关节周径[(22.23 ±1.28) cm比(25.38±0.78)cm,P＜0.05]均好转,手术前后凝血酶原时间差异不大[(12.63±1.74)s比(12.32±1.14)s,P＞0.05],而且随着时间的延长,大隐静脉对侧转流术对下肢水肿的治疗效果减弱.33例患者术后门诊随访转流血管均通畅,未出现任何并发症,有21例可耐受正常体力活动,且不出现轻度肿胀;12例患者偶尔出现中度肿胀,肿胀均可于休息平躺后消失;所有患者双下肢对称程度均可接受,不影响着衣及美观.结论 大隐静脉对侧转流术效果较好且创伤小,对慢性髂股静脉阻塞性疾病的下肢水肿和内源性凝血系统改善明显,保守治疗半年后效果最佳.

Objective To study the feasibility and practicability of contralateral saphenous vein bypass in the treatment of chronic femoral vein obstruction.Methods A retrospective analysis was consisted of 33 patients who received contralateral great saphenous vein bypass during the period of June 2013 to June 2017 in the Deperrtment of Biloary Vascular Surgery of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University.All patients after operation were followed up of 2 months deadline to August 2017 by telephone or outpatient,the follow-up content including lower limb activity after resting and subjective sensation,lower limb swelling degree and so on.The measurement data was expressed by mean standard deviation ((x) ± s),paired samples t test was used for comparison among groups.Linear correlation coefficient was used to describe the difference between ankle circumference and the time to maintain anticoagulation therapy after acute thrombosis,then we explored the effect and advantages of this surgical methods.Results Compared with the preoperative index,the activated partial thromboplastin time [(21.93 ± 3.36) svs(18.11 ±2.24)s,P＜0.05],the thrombus elastic map R value[(5.45 ±0.73)min vs(4.20 ± 0.39) min,P ＜ 0.05],the D-dimer [(3 502.79 ± 4 028.02) μg/L vs (5127.76 ± ± 4722.42) μg/L,P ＜ 0.05] and the ankle circumference [(22.23 ± 1.28) cm vs (25.38 ± 0.78) cm,P ＜ 0.05] were improved,and the prothrombin time [(12.63 ± 1.74) s vs (12.32 ± 1.14),P ＞0.05] showed no difference before and after the operation (P ＞ 0.05).With the extension of time,the effect of bypass on the treatment of lower limb edema weakened.Postoperative follow-up indicated that 33 cases of patients were unobstructed and returned to normal state,21 cases could tolerated normal physical activity and had no or mild swelling,12 cases occasional had moderate swelling while the swelling could disappear after lying down for a rest,symmetric of double lower limbs in all patients returned to acceptable degree and did not affect the clothing or appearance.Conclusion The contralateral saphenous vein bypass operation has better effect and less trauma,it can improve the lower limb edema and endogenous coagulation system of chronic obstructive iliac vein disease,and the effect is better after conservative treatment for half a year.