中美化学教科书中习题的背景及行为要求比较——以氧化还原反应为例

Comparison of Background and Behavior Requirements of Exercises in Chemistry Textbooks of China and America:Taking "Redox Reaction" as an Example

以我国人教版高中《化学1》和美国《化学:概念与应用》为研究对象,采用定量刻画与定性描述相结合的方法对“氧化还原反应”知识主题的全部习题背景和行为要求进行比较得出一些结论与启示.《化学1》和《化学:概念与应用》相比,习题数量较少,情境不够多元化,没有习题栏目且行为要求低.我国教材习题设计需加强情境性及情境选择的广泛性和合理性,明确和提高习题对学生的行为要求,充分发挥习题在学科素养形成过程中的教学功能.

This paper took Chinese Chemistry 1 published by People’s Education Press and American Chemistry:Concepts and Applications as the research objects,compared the background and behavior requirements of the subject of "redox reaction" by using the method of quantitative description and qualitative description,and drew some conclusions and enlightenment:compared with Chemistry:Concepts and Applications,Chemistry 1 had less exercises,not enough diversified situations in exercises,no exercises columns and lower behavior requirements.The exercises design of textbook in China should strengthen the universality and rationality of situational choices and situation,clarify and improve the behavior requirements of exercises,and give full play to the teaching functions of exercises in the formation of subject literacy.