基于致动线方法的风力机气动数值模拟

Numerical analysis of wind turbine aerodynamic performance based on actuator line method

致动线方法是通过引入体积力代替叶片的致动线技术与三维Navier-Stokes方程相结合来获得风力机周围流场信息的一种方法。该方法避免了花费大量网格与计算资源去求解风力机叶片的附面层,从而可以把更多的网格与计算资源用于风力机尾流流场的模拟,非常适合用于风力机尾流流场的研究。以NH1500叶片为计算模型,从叶片载荷分布和功率系数两个方面,将引入高斯分布的致动线方法的数值模拟结果与BEM理论、CFD方法以及风洞实验进行了系统的比较,验证致动线方法用于风力机气动数值模拟的可行性,并且对致动线方法计算出的尾流流场进行简要的分析。

An actuator line method combining the actuator line technique,in which the body forces representing the blades of the wind turbine with a three-dimensional Navier-Stokes solver,is proposed to get flow fields about wind turbines.It avoids numerous meshes and huge computational for the simulation of blade boundary layers,and in replacement,more meshes and computational resource can be used to simulate the wind turbine wake flow filed,so the actuator line method is very suitable for the research of the wind turbine wake.Computational results for NH1500blade are compared among the actuator line method with the Gauss distribution,BEM theory,CFD and wind tunnel experiment in the load distribution on the blade and wind turbine power coefficient,validating that the actuator line method is effective and efficient for wind turbine aerodynamic calculation.For completeness,the wind turbine wake flow filed calculated by the actuator line method is analyzed.