英格兰王室纹章的起源与内涵——从诺曼征服到百年战争

The Origin and Connotation of the Royal Arms of England——from Norman Conquest to Hundred Years' War

纹章最早是战场上的身份识别符号,后来演化为一种具有特定表达形式和内涵的西方文化体系。英格兰王室的纹章起源于诺曼征服,在安茹王朝时期得到初步确立和快速的发展,最终于百年战争后期基本定型。其盾面和图记的选择与现实政治的需要息息相关,也是国家最高政治权力的标志和象征,直接反映了英格兰王权的政治心态和诉求。纹章可以为我们研究欧洲中世纪政治社会史提供一个有益的新窗口。

The coat of armswas symbols of identification on the battlefield at the very beginning,and thenit had evolved intoa culturesystem,with certain expression form and specificintention. Originated in the Norman Conquest,English royal arm-sin Plantagenetperiod was preliminarily established and developed rapidly. In the time of later Hundred Years' War,itwasshaped finally. The choice of the Escutcheon and Charge is closely related with the need of political reality. They are thesymbol of the supreme political power of the country,reflecting the political psychology and demands of English kingship.The coat of arms providesa new perspective to study political and social history in the Middle Ages.