重症监护室新生低体质量儿母乳喂养情况调查

Breast feeding survey of low birth weight infants in neonatal intensive care unit

目的 调查重症监护室新生低体质量儿的母乳喂养现状.方法 分析重症监护室收治的178例新生低体质量儿的临床资料,统计本组新生儿的喂养方式,比较早产儿与足月儿、不同住院来源、电话随访次数、产妇职业的纯母乳喂养率.结果 本组新生儿中,纯母乳喂养9例(5.1％),混合喂养21例(11.8％),人工喂养148例(83.2％).本组足月儿的纯母乳喂养率显著高于早产儿(P＜0.05),电话随访≥3次的患儿纯母乳喂养率显著高于电话随访1次的患儿(P＜0.05).结论 重症监护室新生低体质量儿的纯母乳喂养率低,建立更人性化的新生儿重症监护室探视制度,加强出院后的随访和健康宣教有利于提高新生低体质量儿的纯母乳喂养率.

Objective To investigate the status of breast feeding among low birth weight infants in neonatal intensive care unit. Methods The clinical data of 178 infants with low birth weight treated in neonatal intensive care unit were analyzed retrospectively. The feeding patterns of newborns were investigated, and the rates of exclusive breast feeding were compared between preterm infants and full-term infants, different hospital sources, the numbers of telephone follow-up and different maternal occupations. Results Among the 178 cases of newborns, 9 cases exclusively breast feeding (5. 1％), 21 cases mixed feeding (11.8％), 148 cases artificial feeding (83.2％). The exclusive breast feeding rate of full-term infant was significantly higher than that of preterm infants (P＜0.05),the exclusive breast feeding rate of children with telephone follow-up ≥3 was significantly higher than that of children with one telephone follow-up(P＜0.05). Conclusion The low birth weight infants in neonatal intensive care unit have low exclusive breast feeding rate, a more humane visit system should be established for neonatal intensive care units, follow-up and health education after discharge are beneficial to improve the rate of exclusive breastfeeding in low birth weight infants.