青海省杂多、泽库两县牧民采集冬虫夏草调查报告——略评《民法总则》对民事习惯的规制

Findings Report on Collecting Cordyceps in Zaduo County and Zekog County of Qinghai Province——Shortening Civil General Principles for Regulating Civil Custom

《民法总则》已将习惯规定为民法法源,说明在依法治国背景下,习惯在民事活动和民事纠纷处理中的重要性是不言而喻的.在青海藏区,冬虫夏草作为重要的自然资源,因其产量的稀缺性和实物的昂贵性,使得冬虫夏草产地的藏族农牧民对冬虫夏草的依赖度亦是很高,并不断地改变着藏民族逐水草放牧的生活方式和生产方式.每年5、6月间,藏族农牧民采集冬虫夏草,既获得了不菲的收入,同时也带来了诸如生态环境破坏、社会治理等方面的问题.为此,本文根据笔者对青海省杂多、泽库两县冬虫夏草产区的实地调查,就冬虫夏草采集的相关问题进行梳理,探求民族习惯的生成规律.

Custom plays an important role in the field of civil activities and civil judicial decision. As an important natural resource, Cordyceps sinensis, because of the scarcity of its output and the high price,making Tibetan farmers and herdsmen become more and more dependent on them,and,continuously,changing their grass-grazing way of life and production. During May or June of each year,Tibetan farmers and herdsmen in Cordyceps collection process, not only access to the lucrative income, also brought problems such as ecological environment destruction, high administrative cost, which need to be settled by legislation. Therefore,according to the author’s field survey of several Cordyceps sinensis producing areas in Qinghai Province,this article will,based on the organization of the problems of collection of the Cordyceps,putting forward the author’s own settlements.