论前高圆唇元音在中国语言中的类型与主要来源

On the Types and Origin of the Close Front Rounded Vowel in Chinese Languages

前高圆唇元音在中国的语言中具有重要的音系价值。从地理分布上看,前高圆唇元音整体上体现出从北向南逐渐递减的趋势。从时间的维度看,前高圆唇元音在北方阿尔泰语言中出现的时间较早,在南方汉藏语言中的出现时间较晚。从组合的类型来看,有前高圆唇元音必有相应的前高展唇元音,反之则不然;有前高圆唇元音必有相应的后高圆唇元音,反之则不然。从来源上看,前高圆唇元音是一种后起的音系现象,主要来自早期的后高圆唇元音。从音变的条件来看,北方阿尔泰语言与南方汉藏语言存在差异,前者主要受到元音和谐律的制约,而后者主要受到声韵的限制。

The close front rounded vowel has an important value in the Chinese languages. From the geographical distribution,the close front rounded vowel reflects the trend of gradually decreasing from north to south. From the perspective of the time dimension,it appeared earlier in the northern languages,and appeared later in the south languages. From the type of combination of view,there is a close back rounded vowel must have a corresponding close front unrounded vowel; there is a close back rounded vowel must have the corresponding close back rounded vowel. From the point of view,the close front rounded vowel is a new phenomenon,mainly from the close back rounded vowel.