国外大都市区统计制度的发展历程、演变特征及其对我国的启示

Development History and Evolutionary Characteristics of the Statistical System of Metropolitan Area abroad and Its Implication for China

从厘清大都市区概念开始,分析发达国家大都市区统计制度的发展历程与统计标准的演变特征,进而反观我国建立大都市区统计制度的可行性,结合我国大都市区发展的特殊制度背景,提出相关建议.研究认为,建立大都市区统计制度是发达国家的通行做法,是开展大都市区治理的重要依托.从其统计标准来看,密切的通勤联系是划分大都市区的核心指标.反观我国,大都市区空间形态发育较晚,其背后面临行政区划空间尺度、城市行政层级以及政府职能的制度差异,而这一制度特殊性也强化了建立我国大都市区统计制度的迫切性.当下我国面临大都市区统计制度的空白,应当及时借鉴国外经验,结合我国社会经济背景,建立适应于我国城市体制的大都市区统计制度,从而为大都市区空间治理提供良好的基础.

This research starts from clarifying the basic concept of metropolitan area,and goes on analyzing the development course of statistical system in developed countries,and further reflects the feasibility of developing our own statistical system of metropolitan area.With an insight into the specific institutional background of Chinese cities,the research finally comes to conclusion and suggestion.The research points out that metropolitan area is the interpretation of the functional area of a city,and to set up a statistical system is commonly practiced in developed countries and is basic for metropolitan governance.A further look into statistical standards of different countries shows that a close commuting connection is the key indicator to measure metropolitan area.While in China,metropolitan area takes shape late until these years,for which three institutional particularities are responsible:a different spatial scale of administrative area,a different system of administrative hierarchy and a different system of governmental function.Such particularities call for an urgent schedule of setting up a statistical system of metropolitan area that suits the Chinese reality.It is finally suggested thai the Chinese-version statistical system should be set up with a thorough consideration of both experiences.