住院癌症患者绝望及焦虑抑郁水平的调查研究

Investigation on the level of hopelessness,anxiety and depression in hospitalized patients with cancer

目的：探讨住院癌症患者与自杀相关的心理现状。方法抽取我院508例癌症患者，使用医院焦虑抑郁量表（HADS）和 Beck 绝望量表（BHS）进行癌症患者的焦虑、抑郁、绝望的测评，按年龄段将患者分为3组，比较3组患者间焦虑、抑郁、绝望得分差异。结果所有调查对象中，存在焦虑的患者占38.7%（172/445），存在抑郁的患者占26.3%（117/445），存在不同程度绝望的患者占59.1%（263/445）。在3组患者的比较中，＜40岁患者焦虑得分为（6.84±3.73）分，40～49岁患者焦虑得分为（7.17±3.75）分，50～60岁患者焦虑得分为（6.14±3.79）分，焦虑得分差异有统计学意义，U=7.083，P<0.05；而抑郁、绝望得分差异无统计学意义，分别为 U=2.417、0.166，P 值均>0.05。结论癌症患者中部分存在焦虑/抑郁，大多数患者存在不同程度的绝望，这些与自杀相关的心理应得到医护工作者重视，采取相应的干预，以避免住院癌症患者自杀的发生。

Objective To investigate the suicide related psychological status of cancer patients in hospital. Methods 508 cancer patients in the Affiliated- Tumor- Hospital- of- Guangxi- Medical- University were recruited and using the hospital anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) for evaluating cancer patients′anxiety, depression, hopelessness. According to age, the patients were divided into three groups, comparing the differences in three groups′scores of anxiety, depression, hopelessness. Results Of all the respondents, there were 38.7% (172/445) patients with anxiety, and 26.3% (117/445) patients with depression, and 59.1% (263/445) patients with different degrees of hopelessness. In the comparison of three groups of patients, anxiety scores existed differences (U=7.083,P < 0.05), the average score of anxiety in patients below 40 years was 6.84±3.73, 40-49 years old patients with anxiety average score was 7.17±3.75, 50-60 years old patients with anxiety average score was 6.14±3.79. But depression scores and despair scores had no statistic difference among the three groups(U=2.417 and 0.166, P > 0.05). Conclusions Many people have anxiety / depression in cancer patients, most cancer patients have varying degrees of hopelessness. The health care workers should get attention to these suicide related psychology, take appropriate intervention, in order to avoid the occurrence of hospitalized cancer patients committing suicide.