两类静脉留置针采血对血标本发生溶血的影响研究

Research on the hemolysis of blood preparation collected by two different venous indwelling needles

目的：比较2类静脉留置针进行静脉采集血标本时溶血的发生率，并总结留置针采集血标本时的注意事项。方法将2014年1月至2015年1月400例抢救室需静脉输液又要静脉采血的患者按随机数字表法分成对照组和实验组，每组200例。对照组用Y型留置针进行静脉采集血标本，实验组用直型留置针进行静脉采集血标本，2类留置针均需连接一次性静脉采血针接头进行采集血标本。观察2组溶血发生情况。结果实验组发生溶血16例占8.0%（16/200），对照组发生溶血79例占39.5%（79/200），2组溶血发生率比较差异有统计学意义，χ2=34.317，P＜0.01。结论采用直型留置针静脉采集血标本发生溶血的概率明显低于Y型留置针，值得临床推广使用。

Objective To observe and compare the incidence rate of hemolysis while venous blood specimen collecting with two types of venous indwelling needle. To summarize the attentions during blood samples collecting by venous indwelling needle. Methods From January 2014 to January 2015, a total of 400 patients in resuscitation room of emergency department were divided into control group and experimental group by random digits table method with 200 cases each. Type Y indwelling needle was used in control group, while straight type indwelling needle was used in experimental group. Both two types of indwelling needle were required to be connected with the disposable venous blood taking needle joint for blood sample collection. The incidence rate of hemolysis was observed. Results The incidence rate of hemolysis in experimental group was lower than that in control group: 8.0%(16/200) vs. 39.5%(79/200),and there was significant difference, χ2=34.317, P < 0.01. Conclusions The incidence rate of hemolysis during venous blood specimen collecting with straight type indwelling needle is significantly lower than that with Y type indwelling needle. Straight type indwelling needle is worthy of clinical use.