鼾症住院患儿父母对儿童打鼾认知现状及健康教育需求的调查

Investigation of the cognitive status and the need of health education on children snoring from the parents whose children were in hospital by snoring

目的：了解鼾症住院患儿父母对儿童打鼾相关知识的知晓情况、健康教育的需求及乐于接受的健康教育方式，为临床开展健康教育提供依据。方法在文献检索和专家咨询的基础上，采用自行设计的调查问卷，对因鼾症住院患儿父母276人进行问卷调查，内容包括儿童打鼾相关知识知晓情况、健康教育的需求以及乐于接受的健康教育方式。结果鼾症住院患儿父母对儿童打鼾相关知识的知晓率为2.54%~55.07%；对健康教育的平均需求率超过80%，其中比较关注的问题是打鼾的主要原因、儿童鼾症的主要症状、主要治疗方法、手术治疗效果需求率均为100.00%（276/276），对智力的影响需求率为96.38%（266/276）；乐于接受的健康教育方式从高到低排序：就医咨询为93.48%（258/276），候诊大厅或病房走廊张贴宣传栏为74.28%（205/276），健康教育专题讲座为66.30%（183/276），QQ 群或微信平台为61.96%（171/276），社区健康知识宣传栏或板报为56.52%（156/276），候诊或住院时播放广播、电视节目为53.62%（148/276），电话咨询为36.96%（102/276），医院发放健康处方为36.23%（100/276），音像教材为32.25%（89/276），患儿家长之间的交流为7.97%（22/276）。结论鼾症住院患儿父母对儿童打鼾相关知识的知晓率低，需要医务人员采取多种方式进行健康宣教，以提高鼾症患儿父母对儿童打鼾的整体认识水平，积极防治打鼾的各种影响因素，预防与打鼾相关并发症的发生，降低打鼾引起的危害。

Objective To understand the awareness of children snoring disease knowledge and demand of health education and appropriate health education methods from the parents whose children were in hospital by snoring, and provide basis for health education in clinic. Methods On the basis of literature search and expert consultation, 276 parents whose children in hospital by snoring were investigated by self-designed questionnaire. The questionnaire included the awareness of children snoring disease knowledge and demand of health education and appropriate health education methods were carried out. Results The awareness rate of children snoring disease knowledge was 2.54%-55.07% in parents whose children in hospital by snoring. The average demand rate of health education surpass 80%, major reason and symptom and main therapy and surgical outcomes of snoring were more concerned with 100.00%(276/276). The average demand rate of the impact on the intelligence was 96.38%(266/276). Acceptable methods of health education from high to low were as follows, consulting a doctor was 93.48%(258/276), posting publicity column in the halls or ward hallway was 74.28% (205/276), attending health education lecture was 66.30% (183/276), through QQ group or micro letter platform was 61.96%(171/276), through community healthy knowledge publicity column was 56.52%(156/276), through broadcast radio and television programs when see a doctor or in hospital was 53.62%(148/276), through telephone counseling was 36.96%(102/276), through hospital health prescription was 36.23% (100/276), through audiovisual teaching materials was 32.25% (89/276), communication between parents was 7.97%(22/276). Conclusions The awareness rate of children snoring disease knowledge from the parents whose children in hospital by snoring is low, the medical staff need take various ways of health education to improve snoring children′s parents′overall understanding level of children sleep apnea, effectively prevent various influencing factors of sleep apnea and snoring related complications, to reduce the dangers caused by snoring.