养老机构老年人跌倒效能状况及其影响因素分析

Investigation on the fall efficacy of elderly people in nursing homes and its influencing factors

目的：探讨养老机构老年人跌倒效能的现状及其相关影响因素。方法采用便利抽样的方法，应用一般情况调查表、修订版跌倒效能量表、简易心理状况评定量表Kessler10对福建省8家养老机构的174名老年人进行调查。结果174名养老机构老年人跌倒效能量表的总分为（7.81±1.15）分，处于中等水平；其中“穿脱衣服”条目得分最高，为（9.04±1.42）分，“乘坐公共交通工具”条目得分最低，为（5.80±3.21）分；多元线性回归分析结果显示，心理健康状况、生活自理程度、年龄是老年人跌倒效能的影响因素。结论养老机构老年人跌倒效能处于中等水平，不同心理健康状况、生活自理程度以及不同年龄的老年人跌倒效能水平不同，应针对老年人的具体情况进行干预。

Objective To investigate the fall efficacy of elderly people in nursing homes and its influencing factors. Methods A total of 174 elderly people in 8 nursing homes in Fujian province were recruited by convenience sampling method. They were investigated with a self-designed questionnaire about the demographic data, the Modified Falls Efficacy Scale (MFES) and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10). Results The mean score of fall efficacy was 7.81±1.15, which revealed a middle level. The score of 'get dressed and undressed' scored 9.04 ±1.42, which was the highest, while the score of 'using public transport' scored 5.80 ±3.21, which was the lowest. Multiple regression analysis showed that the mental health status, degree of self care, age were influencing factors of fall efficacy of elderly people. Conclusions The fall efficacy level of 174 elderly people is at medium level, which is different among fall efficacy with mental health status, degree of self care, age. Individualized interventions should be designed and provided for them.