护士同情心疲乏现状及其影响因素分析

Analysis of the status of compassion level and its influencing factors for nurses

目的：了解天津市护士同情心疲乏水平及其相关影响因素，探讨降低护士同情心疲乏的有效途径。方法采用一般情况调查表、医护人员同情心疲乏量表、护理工作环境量表和一般自我效能量表，对天津市4所三级甲等医院的477名护士进行调查。结果护士的同情心疲乏均分为（2.70±0.34）分，处于中度水平；护理工作环境与自我效能均分分别为（2.99±0.49）、（2.42±0.63）分，处于中等偏上水平；单因素方差分析发现，年龄、护龄、所在科室、婚姻对护士同情心疲乏的影响有统计学意义（P<0.05）。多元回归分析结果显示，护龄、高质量护理服务基础、充足的人力物力、护理管理者能力和领导力以及自我效能可预测护士同情心疲乏的发生。结论临床护士存在不同程度的同情心疲乏，其中工作环境及自我效能对同情心疲乏有显著影响，因此可通过改善护理工作环境、提高自我效能方面来预防和缓解同情心疲乏。

Objective To investigate the current status and influencing factors of compassion fatigue in nurses. Methods A total of 477 nurses from 4 hospital in Tianjin were investigated with the self-designed demographic questionnaire, Compassion Fatigue Scale, Practice Environment Scale and General Self-Efficacy Scale. Results The mean score of compassion fatigue, practice environment and general self-efficacy were showed respectively as following: (2.70 ± 0.34), (2.99 ± 0.49) and (2.42 ± 0.63) points, which indicated at a moderate level. Single factor analysis found that marriage, age, nursing age, department had statistically significant influence on compassion score of nurses(P<0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed that nursing age, nursing foundations for quality of care, staffing and resource adequacy, nurse manager ability, leadership and self-efficacy were indicated as predictive factors of compassion fatigue among nurses. Conclusions Clinical nurse have compassion fatigue which can be influenced by nursing working environment and self-efficacy. So compassion fatigue could be prevented by improve working environment and enhance personal ability.