基于问题的学习中标准化患者对本科护生自主学习能力的影响研究

Research about the influence of introducing standardized patient into problem-based learning to autonomous learning abilities for undergraduate nursing students based on clinical thinking training

目的：基于临床思维训练课探讨基于问题的学习（PBL）引入标准化患者（SP）对本科护生自主学习能力的影响。方法采用简单随机抽样方法，从天津中医药大学2012级统招全日制护理学专业本科班中随机抽取2个班分别作为对照组和试验组，对照组采用PBL教学模式，试验组采用PBL引入SP教学模式进行教学。课程持续4周，共18学时，于课程结束后评价护生自主提出问题的百分比、考试成绩；课程前、后及临床实习3个月后评价护生的自主学习能力。结果试验组护生自主提出问题的百分比、考试成绩分别为87.80%（36/41）和（84.24±5.12）、（87.85±5.44）分，对照组为68.89%（31/45）和（81.51±6.63）、（84.40±7.96）分，差异有统计学意义（χ2=4.46，t=2.13、2.37，均P<0.05）；试验组与对照组护生自主学习能力课程前比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），而在课程结束后及实习3个月后试验组得分为（93.71±9.56）、（103.27±11.92）分，对照组得分为（85.47±9.28）、（91.36±10.56）分，差异有统计学意义（t＝3.56、4.89，P<0.01）。结论 PBL引入SP教学模式有利于培养和提高本科护生的自主学习能力，可为护理教学模式的改革提供借鉴。

Objective To explore the influence of introducing standardized patient (SP) into problem-based learning (PBL) to the autonomous learning abilities for undergraduate nursing students based on clinical thinking training. Methods To select 2 classes randomly from full-time professional nursing undergraduate classes enrolled in 2012 from Tianjin university of traditional Chinese medicine, was divided into the experimental group and the control group by random number table method. The control group uses PBL teaching mode, and the experimental group adopts introducing SP into PBL teaching mode. Course lasts for 4 weeks, a total of 18 hours. To evaluate two groups nursing students′the percentage of asking questions by themselves and examination results in the end of the course, and evaluate nursing students′autonomous learning ability before and after the course and after three months of clinical practice respectively. Results The percentage of asking questions by themselves and examination results of the experimental group were 87.80%(36/41) and (84.24±5.12) points, (87.85±5.44) points, the control group were 68.89%(31/45) and (81.51±6.63) points, (84.40±7.96) points, the difference was statistically significant (χ2=4.46, t=2.13, 2.37, P<0.05);There was no statistical significance between two groups in the score of autonomous learning ability before the course (P>0.05), while after course and after three months of clinical practice of the experimental group were (93.71±9.56) points, (103.27±11.92) points, the control group were (85.47 ± 9.28) points , (91.36 ± 10.56) points, the difference was statistically significant (t=3.56, 4.89, P<0.01). Conclusions The teaching mode of introducing SP into PBL can train and improve the autonomous learning ability of undergraduate nursing students,and can provide reference for nursing teaching mode reform.