肠内营养制剂加温对肠内营养相关性腹泻的护理效果观察

Observation of nursing of warming feeding formula of the enteral nutrition associated diarrhea

目的：客观评价肠内营养制剂加温对肠内营养相关性腹泻的护理效果。方法将60例在山东省千佛山医院ICU中进行肠内营养治疗的患者按随机数字表法分为室温组30例和加温组30例，室温组使用营养泵泵入营养制剂，加温组在室温组的基础上在距患者鼻50 cm处的营养管上放置加热棒。用基于粪便的量和性状的半定性评分量表评估患者每天是否发生腹泻。结果室温组的平均喂养天数为（11.20±2.98）d，加温组的平均喂养天数为（10.93±2.69）d，2组比较差异无统计学意义（U=425.000，P＞0.05）。室温组的腹泻得分为（4.88±3.41）分，加温组的腹泻得分为（5.51±4.44）分，2组比较差异无统计学意义（U=436.500，P＞0.05）。室温组腹泻天数占总喂养天数的比例是10.42%（35/336），加温组腹泻天数占喂养总天数的比例是16.24%（51/314），2组比较差异有统计学意义（χ2=4.862，P＜0.05）。结论密封的成品肠内营养制剂在室温下用肠内营养泵泵入不需要加温。

Objective To evaluate the nursing effect of warming feeding formulation of the enteral nutrition associated diarrhea in the critically ill tube-fed patients. Methods A total of 60 patients with enteral feeding were enrolled and divided randomly into the warming group and the room temperature group with 30 cases in each group by random digits table method. The room temperature group received room temperature oral feeding by nutrition pump. The warming group used nutrition pump and heating rod was placed on the nutritional tube 50 cm far from patient's nose. A semi-quantitative scale based on stool volume and consistency was used for daily assessment of diarrhea. Results Patients were tube-fed for a mean duration of (11.20±2.98) and (10.93±2.69) days, respectively in the room temperature group and the warming group. There was no significant difference in these two groups (U=425.000, P > 0.05). The diarrhea score was 4.88 ±3.41 in the room temperature group and 5.51±4.44 in the warming group. There was no significant difference in these two groups (U=436.500, P > 0.05). The diarrhea per total feeding days was 10.42%(35/336) in the room temperature group and 16.24%(51/314)in the warming group. There was no significant difference in these two groups (χ2=4.862, P < 0.05). Conclusions The airtight enteral nutrition does not need warming when it is infused with the enteral nutrition pump at room temperature.