外科重症监护室患者家属疾病不确定感水平及影响因素的研究

A survey of illness uncertainty and its influencing factors among family members of patients in surgical intensive care unit

目的：基于Mishel疾病不确定感理论，调查外科ICU患者家属疾病不确定感水平及其影响因素。方法便利抽取2014年9月至2015年6月收入外科ICU的260名患者家属进行调查，采用疾病不确定感家属量表评估其不确定感状况，采用一般资料调查问卷、社会支持量表、简易应对方式量表测量其影响因素。结果外科ICU患者家属疾病不确定感得分为（96.75±13.90）分，处于较高水平。多元线性回归分析，影响家属不确定感的影响因素为社会支持（P=0.011）、积极应对（P=0.027）、家庭人均月收入（P=0.033）。结论外科ICU家属存在高水平的疾病不确定感，ICU护理人员应给予其社会支持和心理干预，帮助其采取积极的应对方式，可有效降低患者家属的疾病不确定感。

Objective To investigate the level of illness uncertainty among family members of patients in surgical intensive care unit (ICU) and analyze its potential influencing factors based on Mishel′s theory. Methods A sample of 260 family members were recruited from the surgical ICU during the period from September 2014 to June 2015. Illness uncertainty was assessed by the Mishel Uncertainty of Illness Scale-Family Member. General variables questionnaire, Social Support Rating Scale, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire were also examined to explore the influencing factors. Results The score of illness uncertainty was ( 96.75 ± 13.90 ) points in family member of patients in surgical ICU, at a high level. Multiply liner regression showed that social support (P=0.011), positive coping style (P=0.027) and average family income (P=0.033) were significant influencing factors of illness uncertainty. Conclusions The level of illness uncertainty is high among family members of patients in surgical ICU. There is a need for nurses to provide accessible social support and psychological intervention, help them cope with illness uncertainty positively.