骨质疏松患者出院准备度现状及影响因素分析

The status and influencing factors on readiness for hospital discharge with osteoporosis patients Wang

目的：了解骨质疏松患者出院准备度现状，并探讨其影响因素。方法采用患者一般资料量表和出院准备度量表对114例骨质疏松患者于出院前4 h内进行调查。结果患者出院准备度条目均分为（7.40±1.35）分。出院准备度各维度评分从高到低依次为可获得的社会支持、自身状况、出院后应对能力、疾病知识。年龄、家距离医院或诊所距离是出院准备度的影响因素（t=-2.972、-2.322，P＜0.05）；性别、年龄、手术、住院天数是自身状况的影响因素（-3.563～-1.996，P＜0.05）；年龄是疾病知识的影响因素（t=2.478，P＜0.05）；家距离医院或诊所距离是出院后应对能力和社会支持的影响因素（t=-3.139，P＜0.05）。结论骨质疏松患者出院准备度有待提高，医护人员应注重住院期间患者的健康教育，进行针对性、个体化的干预，提高患者的出院准备度。

Objective To investigate the status of readiness for hospital discharge with osteoporosis patients and explore the influencing factors. Methods By using the patient′s basic information questionnaire and the Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale, a total of 114 osteoporosis patients were investigated within four hours before discharge in our hospital. Results The average score of readiness for hospital discharge was 7.40±1.35. The scores of each dimensions of readiness for hospital discharge from high to low were social support available, their own situation, response capabilities after <br> discharge, knowledge of the disease. Age and distance between home and the hospital or clinic were the influencing factors of discharge readiness (t=-2.972,-2.322,P<0.05). Gender, age, surgery, hospitalization days were the influencing factors of personal status (t=-3.563--1.996, P<0.05). Age was the influencing factor of disease knowledge(t=2.478, P<0.05). Distance between home and the hospital or clinic was the influencing factor of coping ability and expected support (t=-3.139,P<0.05). Conclusions The readiness for hospital discharge of osteoporosis patients needs promotion, health care workers should pay attention to the health education of hospital patients, give targeted and individualized intervention in order to improve the patient′s discharge readiness.