新型饮食干预方案对血脂异常的高校教师饮食行为改变效果的研究

Effects of a new diet intervention for college teachers on their dietary behavior change

目的：构建血脂异常的高校教师新型饮食干预方案，探讨此方案对饮食行为改变的效果。方法选取东北林业大学和黑龙江大学2014年6-9月体检血脂异常的教师，其中东北林业大学最终入选44名教师作为试验组，进行新型饮食方案干预，黑龙江大学最终入选37名教师作为对照组，进行常规健康讲座。比较2组研究对象干预前后的饮食行为及血脂的变化。结果试验组在干预后饮食行为改变尤为明显，干预前、干预后3个月及6个月的成年人心脑血管病饮食倾向量表（DTS）分别为（58.82±18.47）、（48.36±14.25）、（44.18±14.92）分，差异有统计学意义（F=21.308，P<0.01），对照组分别为（60.51±16.91）、（57.19±16.35）、（56.92±21.35）分，差异无统计学意义（F=1.129，P>0.05）。干预6个月后，试验组的总胆固醇（TC）为（4.28±3.73）mmol/L，对照组为（6.23±1.04）mmol/L，差异有统计学意义（t=3.082，P<0.05），2组的三酰甘油（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论新型饮食干预方案能够有效改进并维持血脂异常教师的饮食行为，并降低其血脂。

Objective To construct the new diet intervention scheme of dyslipidemia of university teachers, discuss the effect of this plan on eating behavior change. Methods Choose two groups of college teachers in Harbin, who were hyperlipemia and had physical examinations from June to September, 2014. 44 teachers from one college were conducted the new dietary intervention as experimental group, 37 teachers from another college were the control group, used the usual method. Compared two groups before and after the intervention of dietary behavior and blood lipid. Results The experimental group′s dietary behaviors changed strongly after implement the new dietary intervention, the scores of DTS before the experiment (58.82 ± 18.47) points,3 months after the experiment (48.36 ± 14.25) points and 6 months after the experiment (44.18±14.92) points were statistically significant (F=21.308, P < 0.01). There was no statistically significant difference in control group (F = 1.129, P > 0.05), respectively (60.51 ± 16.91) points, (57.19 ± 16.35) points, (56.92 ± 21.35) points. After 6 months, the experimental group′s subjects of TC was (4.28±3.73) mmol/L, the control group was (6.23±1.04) mmol/L, the difference was statistically significant (t = 3.082, P < 0.05), there were no significant differences in TG, LDL-C and HDL-C of the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusions The new dietary guidance plan can effectively improve and maintain the dietary behavior in hyperlipidemia college teachers, and decrease the blood lipid level.