纳萨尔运动的内部分化及其原因探析

Naxalite Movement's Splits and Its Causes

印度的纳萨尔运动是一部分分合合的历史,它的内部充满了意识形态和政治斗争,然而也不乏联合与整合的努力。从印共(马)中分裂出来的印共(马列)是许多纳萨尔组织的母体,其中主要包括印共(马列)(人民战争)和印共(马列)(解放)等。以纳吉·瑞迪为领导的安德拉共产党和以比哈尔邦为据点的毛派共产党中心是印共(马列)之外的重要革命组织。革命道路与斗争策略存在分歧、未能建立起广泛的统一战线、中印边境冲突与孟加拉解放运动加快了内部分裂、缺乏权威型领袖和强有力的领导核心、国家力量的多重打压等因素是导致纳萨尔运动分裂与内斗的重要原因。

Naxal movement is a history of fissions and fusion,which was full of ideological conflict and political struggle,but also has the effort for unite and integration inside the movement.The CPI(ML),which split from CPI(M),was the matrix of many Naxal groups,including CPI-ML(PWG)and CPI-ML(Liberation).The Communist Party of Andhra Pradesh,which lead by Nagi Reddy,and Maoist Communist Centre(MCC),which based in Bihar,are two important revolutionary organizations outside CPI(ML).Generally speaking,there are three different forces inside Naxal movement:extreme leftwing,right-wing and centrist.Although different Naxal groups have different strategies and tactics,they all believe in Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought,and most of them didn't give up through armed struggle to promote the persist development of revolution.Basically,the main reasons contribute to split and conflict inside Naxal movement including:revolutionary road and strategy,the united front,state interest and national revolution,the characteristic of leadership,and the multiple repress by state forces.