肝内外胆管结石诊断与治疗方法的研究进展

The research on diagnosis and treatment of intrahepatic and extrahepatic biliary stones

目前对肝内外胆管结石的临床和基础研究还不够完善。肝内外胆管结石具有病变广泛、病情复杂、并发症多、再发率高等特点，是临床治疗的难点，单凭常规外科手术常难以取得满意的效果。近年来肝内外胆管结石的诊疗手段也不断增多，从超声、CT、MRCP、胆道镜、胆道造影到肝胆系统的三维成像[1]。从传统的开腹手术到各种微创治疗，不同的检查及治疗方法都有其优缺点，如何选择效果好、创伤小、适合患者的诊治方法是当前的研究方向。

The clinical and fundamental research for intrahepatic and extrahepatic biliary stones were still inadequate currently.It was difficult for treat and has the following clinical features:extensive he-patic lesion,complex conditions,more complications,higher recurrence rate,etc.Satisfactory results were hard to gained if just depend on conventional surgery recently.As the methods of diagnosis and treatment are continuously increasing:Ultrasound,CT,MRCP,Choledochoscope,Cholangiography and 3D imaging of hepa-tobiliary system.From the traditional open operation to a variety of minimally invasive treatment.Different examination and treatment methods has its advantages and disadvantages.How to choose the effective,less trauma,appropriate pathway method is the main direction for the current research.