胸腔积液患者109例临床分析

Clinical Analysis of 109 Patients with Pleural Effusion

目的探讨胸腔积液的病因分析及有关诊断方法。方法通过分析109例胸腔积液住院患者的临床相关资料,结合患者的典型临床症状、影像学特点、胸水化验及血清学检查结果、胸膜活检、支气管镜或通过临床治疗明显好转。结果随诊3至6个月后确诊恶性胸水54例(49.54%),其中原发性支气管肺癌28例(25.69%);良性胸水52例(47.71%)、肺炎伴肺炎旁积液24例(22.02%)、心源性积液20例(18.35%);原因不明的胸腔积液3例(2.75%)。结论胸腔积液的原因较多,此次研究得出肿瘤、肺炎、心力衰竭、结核是引起胸腔积液的主要病因,尽早地明确病因有利于疾病的早期治疗及改善愈后,单纯从漏出液和渗出液去鉴别胸腔积液的病因可能导致误诊、漏诊。

Objective To investigate the etiology of pleural effusion and relevant diagnostic methods. Methods By analyzing the clinical data of 109 cases of pleural effusion patients, with typical clinical symptoms, radiological features, laboratory tests and serological test results of pleural effusion, pleural biopsy, bronchoscopy or by clinical. Results Follow-up 3-6 significantly improved. Months after the diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion in 54 cases(49.54%), including 28 cases of primary lung cancer(25.69%); benign pleural effusion in 52 cases(47.71%), pneumonia with parapneumonic effusion in 24 cases(22.02%), 20 cases of cardiac effusion(18.35%); 3 cases of unexplained pleural effusion(2.75%). Conclusion There are many causes of pleural effusion, the study concluded that tumor, pneumonia, heart failure, tuberculosis is a major cause of pleural effusion, as soon as possible to confirm the etiology of early treatment and to improve disease prognosis. The etiology from simple transudate and exudate to identification of pleural effusion may lead to misdiagnosis.