济南市2011至2014年无偿献血者人类免疫缺陷病毒感染现状分析

Analysis of human immunodeficiency virus infection in voluntary blood donors from 2011 to 2014 in Ji'nan

目的对济南市2011至2014年无偿献血者中的人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染现状进行分析。方法使用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)对济南市2011至2014年124 705份无偿献血者血液标本进行检测,抗HIV反应阳性标本送往济南市疾病控制中心进行确认。结果 124 705份无偿献血者血液标本中256份ELISA法HIV筛查为阳性,占总人数的0.205%。济南市疾病控制中心确认阳性27例,确认阳性率为0.022%,男性明显高于女性,30岁以下高于30岁以上,可能传播途径以同性为主。结论济南市无偿献血人群中HIV感染率低于全国水平,感染率与性别、年龄有关,同性传播为主。应加强预防艾滋病相关知识宣传以及献血前评估、鉴别,增加志愿者队伍,加强检测力度,提高检测灵敏性及特异性,保障临床用血安全。

Objective To identify HIV-1 infection in unpaid blood donors in Jinan from 201 1 to 2014,and analyze the distribution and prevalence of HIV-1 infection in these people.Methods 124 705 samples from unpaid blood donors in Jinan from 201 1 to 2014 were tested by the method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA),and the positive samples were determined by CDC in Jinan.Results There were 27 HIV-1 positive samples confirmed by CDC in Jinan,and positive rate was 0.022%.The amount of infected male was more than that of women,and the amount of infected under 30 years old was more than that of above 30 years old. Homosexual transmission could be main route of transmission. Conclusions HIV-1 infection rate of unpaid blood donors in Jinan was below the national average. Infection was associated with gender,age and sexual transmission was the main route.The propaganda of the knowledge about the prevention of HIV/AIDS and assessment before blood donation should be strengthened.The detection sensitivity and specificity should be increased,so the safety of clinical blood transfusion can be ensured.