装载机铲斗外载荷识别模型与试验研究

External Load Identification Model and Experimental Study of Loader Bucket

为了获得装载机作业过程中受到的真实外载荷,基于理论力学和信号测试技术,以装载机铲斗为研究对象,建立工作装置外载荷识别理论模型。结合信号采集仪器搭建载荷测试系统,对工作装置进行静态加载试验。结果表明:测试系统所得载荷的相对误差在5%以内,角度偏差在3°以内,满足工程应用要求;可以有效地解决装载机外载荷获取问题,为装载机的结构设计和优化提供数据支撑。

In order to obtain the real external load in the operation process of loader, based on theoretical mechanics and signal testing technology, the loader bucket was taken as the research object, and the theoretical model of external load identification of the working device was established. The load testing system was established in combination with the signal acquisition instrument, and static loading test was conducted on the working device. The results show that the relative error of the load obtained by the testing system is less than 5% and the angle deviation is within 3°,which satisfies the application requirements; the problem of external load acquisition can be solved effectively, which provides data support for structural design and optimization of loader.