利用区域数值模式WRF-ARW(V3.9)开展高分辨率数值模拟试验,研究了东北地区大兴安岭和长白山地形对该地区夏季降水的单独和共同影响。结果表明,东北地区两大山脉地形可以显著影响东北及其周边区域的大气环流和降水。大兴安岭和长白山地...利用区域数值模式WRF-ARW(V3.9)开展高分辨率数值模拟试验,研究了东北地区大兴安岭和长白山地形对该地区夏季降水的单独和共同影响。结果表明,东北地区两大山脉地形可以显著影响东北及其周边区域的大气环流和降水。大兴安岭和长白山地形的阻挡作用使得夏季偏南气流在两个山脉的迎风坡一侧堆积,引起局地水汽增加并产生上升运动,因此两个山脉的迎风坡一侧降水增加;而在两个山脉的背风坡一侧,局地水汽减少并伴随下沉运动,因此两个山脉的背风坡一侧降水减少。大兴安岭地形的存在使得其东侧到松嫩平原地区夏季降水增加1.09 mm d^-1(相较参照试验增幅为30%),而使其西侧蒙古东部地区夏季降水减少0.69 mm d^-1(相较参照试验减幅为24%);长白山地形的存在使得长白山南侧到朝鲜半岛地区夏季降水增加1.76 mm d^-1(相较参照试验增幅为26%),而使其北侧三江平原地区夏季降水减少0.81 mm d^-1(相较参照试验减幅为22%)。当大兴安岭与长白山同时存在时,两者的协同作用会减弱蒙古东部、松嫩平原和朝鲜半岛地区夏季降水的响应,而增强三江平原地区夏季降水的响应。该研究结果对于理解东北地区当代气候的形成具有重要的科学意义。展开更多
In this study, the major features of a heavy rainfall event in the Yangtze River region on 3-7 June 2011 and its event-related large-scale circulation and predictability were studied. Both observational analysis and m...In this study, the major features of a heavy rainfall event in the Yangtze River region on 3-7 June 2011 and its event-related large-scale circulation and predictability were studied. Both observational analysis and model simulation were used, the latter being based on the Weather Research and Forecasting （WRF） model forced by NCEP Global Forecast System （GFS） datasets. It was found that, during 3-5 June, the western Pacific subtropical high apparently extended to the west and was much stronger, and the Indian summer monsoon trough was slightly weaker than in normal years. The east-west oriented shear line over the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River was favorable for the transportation and convergence of water vapor, and the precipitation band was located slightly to the south of the shear line. During 6-7 June, the western Pacific subtropical high retreated eastward, while the trough over the Okhotsk Sea deepened. The low vortex in Northeast China intensified, bringing much more cold air to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and the shear line over this area moved slightly southward. The convection band moved southward and became weaker, so the rainfall during 6-7 June weakened and was located slightly to the south of the previous precipitation band. Many of the observed features, including background circulation and the distribution and amount of precipitation, were reproduced reasonably by the WRF, suggesting a feasibility of this model for forecasting extreme weather events in the Yangtze River region.展开更多
利用WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting)模式,进行了我国东北地区冬季降雪的高分辨率数值模拟,评估了WRF模式对季节降雪的模拟能力,并探讨了模式水平分辨率和物理过程参数化方案对降雪模拟的影响.结果显示WRF模式可以合理地模拟冬...利用WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting)模式,进行了我国东北地区冬季降雪的高分辨率数值模拟,评估了WRF模式对季节降雪的模拟能力,并探讨了模式水平分辨率和物理过程参数化方案对降雪模拟的影响.结果显示WRF模式可以合理地模拟冬季气温和降水的空间分布,模拟结果和观测吻合较好.该模式可以合理地模拟东北地区季节降雪的空间分布和时间演变,显示了该模式较强的模拟性能.水平分辨率和物理过程参数化方案对降雪模拟有重要影响,高分辨率模拟结果更接近观测;相对于积云对流参数化方案,模式对陆面过程和微物理过程参数化方案更加敏感.展开更多
文摘利用区域数值模式WRF-ARW(V3.9)开展高分辨率数值模拟试验,研究了东北地区大兴安岭和长白山地形对该地区夏季降水的单独和共同影响。结果表明,东北地区两大山脉地形可以显著影响东北及其周边区域的大气环流和降水。大兴安岭和长白山地形的阻挡作用使得夏季偏南气流在两个山脉的迎风坡一侧堆积,引起局地水汽增加并产生上升运动,因此两个山脉的迎风坡一侧降水增加;而在两个山脉的背风坡一侧,局地水汽减少并伴随下沉运动,因此两个山脉的背风坡一侧降水减少。大兴安岭地形的存在使得其东侧到松嫩平原地区夏季降水增加1.09 mm d^-1(相较参照试验增幅为30%),而使其西侧蒙古东部地区夏季降水减少0.69 mm d^-1(相较参照试验减幅为24%);长白山地形的存在使得长白山南侧到朝鲜半岛地区夏季降水增加1.76 mm d^-1(相较参照试验增幅为26%),而使其北侧三江平原地区夏季降水减少0.81 mm d^-1(相较参照试验减幅为22%)。当大兴安岭与长白山同时存在时,两者的协同作用会减弱蒙古东部、松嫩平原和朝鲜半岛地区夏季降水的响应,而增强三江平原地区夏季降水的响应。该研究结果对于理解东北地区当代气候的形成具有重要的科学意义。
基金supported by the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(973Program) under Grant No.2009CB421406the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.41130103 and 40821092the Norwegian Research Council"East Asia DecCen"Project
文摘In this study, the major features of a heavy rainfall event in the Yangtze River region on 3-7 June 2011 and its event-related large-scale circulation and predictability were studied. Both observational analysis and model simulation were used, the latter being based on the Weather Research and Forecasting （WRF） model forced by NCEP Global Forecast System （GFS） datasets. It was found that, during 3-5 June, the western Pacific subtropical high apparently extended to the west and was much stronger, and the Indian summer monsoon trough was slightly weaker than in normal years. The east-west oriented shear line over the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River was favorable for the transportation and convergence of water vapor, and the precipitation band was located slightly to the south of the shear line. During 6-7 June, the western Pacific subtropical high retreated eastward, while the trough over the Okhotsk Sea deepened. The low vortex in Northeast China intensified, bringing much more cold air to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and the shear line over this area moved slightly southward. The convection band moved southward and became weaker, so the rainfall during 6-7 June weakened and was located slightly to the south of the previous precipitation band. Many of the observed features, including background circulation and the distribution and amount of precipitation, were reproduced reasonably by the WRF, suggesting a feasibility of this model for forecasting extreme weather events in the Yangtze River region.
文摘利用WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting)模式,进行了我国东北地区冬季降雪的高分辨率数值模拟,评估了WRF模式对季节降雪的模拟能力,并探讨了模式水平分辨率和物理过程参数化方案对降雪模拟的影响.结果显示WRF模式可以合理地模拟冬季气温和降水的空间分布,模拟结果和观测吻合较好.该模式可以合理地模拟东北地区季节降雪的空间分布和时间演变,显示了该模式较强的模拟性能.水平分辨率和物理过程参数化方案对降雪模拟有重要影响,高分辨率模拟结果更接近观测;相对于积云对流参数化方案,模式对陆面过程和微物理过程参数化方案更加敏感.
