运用人体测量学、多刚体系统运动学、计算机图形学和人机工程学知识,研究一种泛型的数字人体模型系统框架。对数字人体模型目前在汽车人机工程设计应用中存在的问题进行分析。针对这些问题,研究如何在设计中正确运用人体数据以保证设计...运用人体测量学、多刚体系统运动学、计算机图形学和人机工程学知识,研究一种泛型的数字人体模型系统框架。对数字人体模型目前在汽车人机工程设计应用中存在的问题进行分析。针对这些问题,研究如何在设计中正确运用人体数据以保证设计适应度的相关理论和技术问题,并对重型商用车人机工程设计内容、方法和性能评价进行研究和总结。在前述理论和技术基础上,开发了适合重型商用车人机工程设计的数字人体模型系统(System for heavy commercial vehicle ergonomic design,SHOVED),包括人体建模、汽车建模、方案设计、方案分析和优化等功能,能够帮助设计人员快速完成重型商用车的人机工程设计,并且在提高设计效率和品质的同时,能够准确地把握设计适应度。讲述泛型模型框架和SHOVED的概貌、组成、关键技术和应用原理。对今后的研究内容进行展望。展开更多
为能使设计师的设计结果保证大多数驾驶员具有良好视野性能,并能准确把握视野设计结果的适应度,美国汽车工程师协会(Society of Automotive Engineers,SAE)经过试验统计得出了眼椭圆。最近的研究表明,SAE眼椭圆需要改进其模型才能适合...为能使设计师的设计结果保证大多数驾驶员具有良好视野性能,并能准确把握视野设计结果的适应度,美国汽车工程师协会(Society of Automotive Engineers,SAE)经过试验统计得出了眼椭圆。最近的研究表明,SAE眼椭圆需要改进其模型才能适合现代设计过程。此外,由于身高、习惯等因素的差异,不同的驾驶员群体眼睛位置具有不同的分布特点,应建立不同的眼椭圆。新眼椭圆的统计应考虑更多的因素和包括更多的设计变量。通过研究得知,驾驶员眼睛位置分布服从多维正态分布,其边缘分布为一维正态分布,眼椭圆参数可根据眼睛位置边缘分布数字特征计算。同时,驾驶员眼睛位置分布与驾驶员座椅高度、转向盘位置、驾驶员群体身高分布有关,新的眼椭圆统计过程应该考虑这些因素,从而建立更通用的统计学模型。展开更多
体压分布是度量座椅静态乘坐舒适性的重要指标。目前通过试验获取真人体压分布的方式不能用在设计早期来预测座椅舒适性。本研究实现了一种能够在设计早期应用的体压分布仿真和座椅舒适度评价方法。提出了标准被试的概念,并根据本研究...体压分布是度量座椅静态乘坐舒适性的重要指标。目前通过试验获取真人体压分布的方式不能用在设计早期来预测座椅舒适性。本研究实现了一种能够在设计早期应用的体压分布仿真和座椅舒适度评价方法。提出了标准被试的概念,并根据本研究特点和要求,面向中国人群,通过抽样得到95百分位身高男子、50百分位身高男女和5百分位身高女子的人体尺寸,进而建立对应的人体几何和生物力学模型,作为体压分布仿真的标准被试。面向汽车座椅体压分布仿真和舒适性评价的需要,研究了准确计算体压分布的座椅、人体方面的因素和体压分布仿真方法。通过小规模实验建立了座椅舒适度区间评价标准和头颈部舒适度评价标准。结合某SUV座椅开发进行了体压分布仿真分析和舒适性评价,并通过实验验证了上述仿真方法和评价标准的有效性和准确性。The body pressure distribution is an important index in evaluating seat static comfort. At present the interface pressure acquiring method of real person testing is unable to be used in the early stage of design for seat comfort evaluation. In this study a method for body pressure distribution simulation and comfort evaluation was realized which can be used in the early stage of design. The standard test-subject concept was proposed. According to the status and requirements of this study, and by sampling the Chinese anthropometry database the anthropometric dimensions of percentile-95 male, percentile-50 male and female, and percentile-5 female individuals were obtained. Based on these data the corresponding geometric and biomechanical models were established, which were used as the standard test-subjects of body pressure simulation. To meet the requirements of body pressure distribution simulation and comfort evaluation of automobile seats, the factors of the seat and human body in body pressure distribution were studied, as well as the methods for accurate body pressure distribution simulation. The interval-evaluation standard of body pressure and the head-neck comfort evaluation standard were established by small-scale experiments. The body pressure distribution simulation and comfort evaluation were implemented in the development of a specific SUV seat, which validated the effectiveness and accuracy of the above simulation methods and evaluation standards by tests.展开更多
文摘运用人体测量学、多刚体系统运动学、计算机图形学和人机工程学知识,研究一种泛型的数字人体模型系统框架。对数字人体模型目前在汽车人机工程设计应用中存在的问题进行分析。针对这些问题,研究如何在设计中正确运用人体数据以保证设计适应度的相关理论和技术问题,并对重型商用车人机工程设计内容、方法和性能评价进行研究和总结。在前述理论和技术基础上,开发了适合重型商用车人机工程设计的数字人体模型系统(System for heavy commercial vehicle ergonomic design,SHOVED),包括人体建模、汽车建模、方案设计、方案分析和优化等功能,能够帮助设计人员快速完成重型商用车的人机工程设计,并且在提高设计效率和品质的同时,能够准确地把握设计适应度。讲述泛型模型框架和SHOVED的概貌、组成、关键技术和应用原理。对今后的研究内容进行展望。
文摘为能使设计师的设计结果保证大多数驾驶员具有良好视野性能,并能准确把握视野设计结果的适应度,美国汽车工程师协会(Society of Automotive Engineers,SAE)经过试验统计得出了眼椭圆。最近的研究表明,SAE眼椭圆需要改进其模型才能适合现代设计过程。此外,由于身高、习惯等因素的差异,不同的驾驶员群体眼睛位置具有不同的分布特点,应建立不同的眼椭圆。新眼椭圆的统计应考虑更多的因素和包括更多的设计变量。通过研究得知,驾驶员眼睛位置分布服从多维正态分布,其边缘分布为一维正态分布,眼椭圆参数可根据眼睛位置边缘分布数字特征计算。同时,驾驶员眼睛位置分布与驾驶员座椅高度、转向盘位置、驾驶员群体身高分布有关,新的眼椭圆统计过程应该考虑这些因素,从而建立更通用的统计学模型。
文摘体压分布是度量座椅静态乘坐舒适性的重要指标。目前通过试验获取真人体压分布的方式不能用在设计早期来预测座椅舒适性。本研究实现了一种能够在设计早期应用的体压分布仿真和座椅舒适度评价方法。提出了标准被试的概念,并根据本研究特点和要求,面向中国人群,通过抽样得到95百分位身高男子、50百分位身高男女和5百分位身高女子的人体尺寸,进而建立对应的人体几何和生物力学模型,作为体压分布仿真的标准被试。面向汽车座椅体压分布仿真和舒适性评价的需要,研究了准确计算体压分布的座椅、人体方面的因素和体压分布仿真方法。通过小规模实验建立了座椅舒适度区间评价标准和头颈部舒适度评价标准。结合某SUV座椅开发进行了体压分布仿真分析和舒适性评价,并通过实验验证了上述仿真方法和评价标准的有效性和准确性。The body pressure distribution is an important index in evaluating seat static comfort. At present the interface pressure acquiring method of real person testing is unable to be used in the early stage of design for seat comfort evaluation. In this study a method for body pressure distribution simulation and comfort evaluation was realized which can be used in the early stage of design. The standard test-subject concept was proposed. According to the status and requirements of this study, and by sampling the Chinese anthropometry database the anthropometric dimensions of percentile-95 male, percentile-50 male and female, and percentile-5 female individuals were obtained. Based on these data the corresponding geometric and biomechanical models were established, which were used as the standard test-subjects of body pressure simulation. To meet the requirements of body pressure distribution simulation and comfort evaluation of automobile seats, the factors of the seat and human body in body pressure distribution were studied, as well as the methods for accurate body pressure distribution simulation. The interval-evaluation standard of body pressure and the head-neck comfort evaluation standard were established by small-scale experiments. The body pressure distribution simulation and comfort evaluation were implemented in the development of a specific SUV seat, which validated the effectiveness and accuracy of the above simulation methods and evaluation standards by tests.
