基于智慧德才一体理论,以智慧事件为材料,使用问卷法与实验法相结合的方式,探讨被试的智慧认知及智慧分类方式。结果表明:1) 被试认为才能更能体现智慧,更倾向于将才能视为智慧的主要特征;2) 智慧可以分为人慧和物慧两种类型;3) 与人慧...基于智慧德才一体理论,以智慧事件为材料,使用问卷法与实验法相结合的方式,探讨被试的智慧认知及智慧分类方式。结果表明:1) 被试认为才能更能体现智慧,更倾向于将才能视为智慧的主要特征;2) 智慧可以分为人慧和物慧两种类型;3) 与人慧相比,被试更倾向于将物慧视为智慧。研究揭示了中国文化背景下被试的智慧认知特点及智慧分类方式,拓展了智慧研究思路,丰富了智慧相关理论。Based on the wisdom theory of integrating virtue and intelligence, using wisdom events as materials, and combining the questionnaire method with the experimental method, this study explores the participants’ cognitive perception of wisdom and their ways of classifying wisdom. The results showed that: 1) Participants believe that intelligence can better reflect wisdom and are more inclined to regard intelligence as the main characteristic of wisdom;2) Wisdom can be divided into two types: human wisdom and natural wisdom;3) Compared to human wisdom, participants are more inclined to regard natural wisdom as wisdom. This study reveals the characteristics of Chinese participants’ cognitive perception of wisdom and their ways of classifying wisdom under the Chinese cultural background, expanding the research ideas of wisdom and enriching the relevant theories of wisdom.展开更多
中国传统文化中蕴含着丰富的智慧文化,传统中国文化对智慧内涵的界定有其鲜明的文化特色。本研究采用定量分析和定性分析相结合的方法,结合语义分析和词频分析的结果,探讨古汉语中智慧的内涵并在此基础上揭示智慧的本质。本研究使用与...中国传统文化中蕴含着丰富的智慧文化,传统中国文化对智慧内涵的界定有其鲜明的文化特色。本研究采用定量分析和定性分析相结合的方法,结合语义分析和词频分析的结果,探讨古汉语中智慧的内涵并在此基础上揭示智慧的本质。本研究使用与“智慧”密切相关的词语对古汉语语料库进行检索,构建了古汉语智慧语料库,结合语义分析的结果,对智慧的内涵进行了概念分析。结果发现:(1) 古汉语中的“智慧”是多义词,主要涵盖两方面内容,一种指纯粹的聪明才智,一般作中性词,少数情形下作贬义词;另一种指代德才一体的综合心理素质,作褒义词。(2) 中国先哲的智慧观强调智慧“必仁且智”,其本质是德才一体。(3) 中国先哲对智慧阐释的多样性与其思维的模糊性和汉语的情境性密切相关。综上,古汉语中的“智慧”是一个内涵丰富的概念,中国传统智慧观强调智慧的本质是德才一体。Traditional Chinese culture is rich in wisdom, and the definition of wisdom in traditional Chinese culture bears distinct cultural characteristics. This study adopts a combined approach of quantitative and qualitative analysis, incorporating the results of semantic analysis and word frequency analysis, to explore the connotations of wisdom in ancient Chinese and, on this basis, reveal the essence of wisdom. By searching an ancient Chinese corpus with words closely related to “wisdom”, a wisdom corpus in ancient Chinese is constructed. Conceptual analysis of the connotations of wisdom is then conducted based on the results of semantic analysis. The findings are as follows: (1) “Wisdom” in ancient Chinese is a polysemous term, primarily encompassing two aspects. One refers to pure intelligence and talent, generally used as a neutral term and occasionally as a pejorative;the other signifies an integrated psychological quality that combines virtue and intelligence, used as a commendatory term. (2) The wisdom concept of Chinese sages emphasizes that wisdom must be both benevolent and intelligent, with its essence lying in the integration of virtue and intelligence. (3) The diversity in the interpretation of wisdom by Chinese sages is closely related to the fuzziness of their thinking and the contextual nature of the Chinese language. In summary, “wisdom” in ancient Chinese is a concept with rich connotations, and the traditional Chinese view of wisdom emphasizes that the essence of wisdom lies in the integration of virtue and intelligence.展开更多
在中国文化,特别是儒家学说的精髓中,君子人格被构想为一种至高无上的人格模型,它对于深刻洞察与诠释中国文化的心理结构及价值取向具有重要价值。然而,尽管其概念深远且影响广泛,却鲜有通过实验法对其进行探讨。本研究通过鼠标追踪方...在中国文化,特别是儒家学说的精髓中,君子人格被构想为一种至高无上的人格模型,它对于深刻洞察与诠释中国文化的心理结构及价值取向具有重要价值。然而,尽管其概念深远且影响广泛,却鲜有通过实验法对其进行探讨。本研究通过鼠标追踪方法探讨大学生对于君子人格和小人人格的认知过程,旨在为目前开展君子人格教育提供实证支持。本研究采取字词启动鼠标归类范式,发现大学生更倾向于把君子人格特质词与君子人名相联结,把小人人格特质词和小人人名相联结,且小人人名与特质词的联结更紧密。研究揭示了大学生对君子人格与小人人格认知的实时心理加工过程,为如何更有效开展君子人格教育提供了科学依据,同时对促进文化传承与创新、提升社会道德风尚也具有深远意义。In Chinese culture, especially at the core of Confucianism, Junzi personality is conceived as a supreme personality model, which holds significant value in gaining profound insights into and interpreting the psychological structure and value orientation of Chinese culture. However, despite its profound concept and widespread influence, there has been a scarcity of systematic exploration through empirical research methods. This study aims to provide theoretical support for the current education on Junzi personality by employing mouse-tracking methodology to investigate the cognitive processes of college students towards Junzi personality and Xiaoren personality. Adopting the word-priming mouse categorization paradigm, the study found that college students tend to associate words representing noble personality traits more closely with names of noble figures, and words representing Xiaoren personality traits more tightly with names of Xiaoren figures. Furthermore, the associations between Xiaoren personality names and their corresponding trait words were found to be even stronger. This research reveals the real-time psychological processing of college students’ cognition towards Junzi and Xiaoren personalities, providing a scientific basis for more effectively conducting education on Junzi personality. It also holds profound significance in promoting cultural heritage and innovation, as well as enhancing social morality and ethics.展开更多
汉字是一种表意文字,其本身蕴含丰富的文化内涵,作为记载中国先民心理与行为方式及其特点与规律的“活化石”,许多汉字本身折射出相当的心理学意蕴。本研究使用语义分析法对“智”“慧”和“智慧”进行语义分析,结果发现,来自古汉语中...汉字是一种表意文字,其本身蕴含丰富的文化内涵,作为记载中国先民心理与行为方式及其特点与规律的“活化石”,许多汉字本身折射出相当的心理学意蕴。本研究使用语义分析法对“智”“慧”和“智慧”进行语义分析,结果发现,来自古汉语中文字学和先哲相关言论方面的证据均表明,中国传统文化秉持“德才一体”的智慧观,美德和才能是构成智慧的重要组成成分,真正的智慧必然融美德和才能于一体。即真正的智慧需要有“善”的引导,智慧的本质是德才一体。Chinese characters are ideograms, inherently rich in cultural connotations. As the “living fossil” that records the psychology, behaviors, characteristics, and patterns of China’s ancestors, many Chinese characters inherently reflect profound psychological implications. This study employs Method of Semantic and Etymology to delve into the meanings of “智” (intelligence), “慧” (virtue), and “智慧” (wisdom). The findings reveal that evidence from the philology of ancient Chinese characters and relevant sayings of ancient sages alike indicate that traditional Chinese culture upholds a wisdom perspective that integrates virtue and intelligence. Both virtue and intelligence are essential components of wisdom, and genuine wisdom inherently combines virtue and intelligence. In other words, genuine wisdom necessitates the guidance of “goodness,” and the essence of wisdom lies in the integrity of virtue and intelligence.展开更多
为了探讨当代大学生良心内隐结构,采用广义的实验社会心理学方法进行研究。首先,采用字词联想法收集数据,370名大学生以“良心”为靶子词进行自由联想,选出前60个高频词语作为分析单位,60名大学生对其进行项目分类后,得到良心的5个高阶...为了探讨当代大学生良心内隐结构,采用广义的实验社会心理学方法进行研究。首先,采用字词联想法收集数据,370名大学生以“良心”为靶子词进行自由联想,选出前60个高频词语作为分析单位,60名大学生对其进行项目分类后,得到良心的5个高阶簇。另请600名大学生对60个良心特征词组成的项目问卷进行评价,探索性因素分析、系统聚类分析和验证性因素分析的结果表明,大学生良心内隐结构包含5个因素:爱人、明智、进取、义举和责任。大学生良心内隐结构的五因素模型体现出典型的中国文化特色,该模型的建构将有助于促进良心道德教育的开展。To explore the implicit structure of conscience among contemporary college students, a generalized experimental social psychology method was employed. First, the word association method was used to collect data, where 370 college students freely associated words with “conscience” as the target word. The top 60 high-frequency words were selected as the units of analysis. Subsequently, 60 college students categorized these items, resulting in five high-order clusters of conscience. Another 600 college students were invited to evaluate the item questionnaire composed of these 60 conscience characteristic words. The results of exploratory factor analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the implicit structure of conscience among college students comprises five factors: loving, wisdom, progressiveness, righteous deeds, and responsibility. The five-factor model of the implicit structure of conscience among college students reflects typical Chinese cultural characteristics, and the construction of this model will contribute to advancing the implementation of conscience and moral education.展开更多
文摘基于智慧德才一体理论,以智慧事件为材料,使用问卷法与实验法相结合的方式,探讨被试的智慧认知及智慧分类方式。结果表明:1) 被试认为才能更能体现智慧,更倾向于将才能视为智慧的主要特征;2) 智慧可以分为人慧和物慧两种类型;3) 与人慧相比,被试更倾向于将物慧视为智慧。研究揭示了中国文化背景下被试的智慧认知特点及智慧分类方式,拓展了智慧研究思路,丰富了智慧相关理论。Based on the wisdom theory of integrating virtue and intelligence, using wisdom events as materials, and combining the questionnaire method with the experimental method, this study explores the participants’ cognitive perception of wisdom and their ways of classifying wisdom. The results showed that: 1) Participants believe that intelligence can better reflect wisdom and are more inclined to regard intelligence as the main characteristic of wisdom;2) Wisdom can be divided into two types: human wisdom and natural wisdom;3) Compared to human wisdom, participants are more inclined to regard natural wisdom as wisdom. This study reveals the characteristics of Chinese participants’ cognitive perception of wisdom and their ways of classifying wisdom under the Chinese cultural background, expanding the research ideas of wisdom and enriching the relevant theories of wisdom.
文摘中国传统文化中蕴含着丰富的智慧文化,传统中国文化对智慧内涵的界定有其鲜明的文化特色。本研究采用定量分析和定性分析相结合的方法,结合语义分析和词频分析的结果,探讨古汉语中智慧的内涵并在此基础上揭示智慧的本质。本研究使用与“智慧”密切相关的词语对古汉语语料库进行检索,构建了古汉语智慧语料库,结合语义分析的结果,对智慧的内涵进行了概念分析。结果发现:(1) 古汉语中的“智慧”是多义词,主要涵盖两方面内容,一种指纯粹的聪明才智,一般作中性词,少数情形下作贬义词;另一种指代德才一体的综合心理素质,作褒义词。(2) 中国先哲的智慧观强调智慧“必仁且智”,其本质是德才一体。(3) 中国先哲对智慧阐释的多样性与其思维的模糊性和汉语的情境性密切相关。综上,古汉语中的“智慧”是一个内涵丰富的概念,中国传统智慧观强调智慧的本质是德才一体。Traditional Chinese culture is rich in wisdom, and the definition of wisdom in traditional Chinese culture bears distinct cultural characteristics. This study adopts a combined approach of quantitative and qualitative analysis, incorporating the results of semantic analysis and word frequency analysis, to explore the connotations of wisdom in ancient Chinese and, on this basis, reveal the essence of wisdom. By searching an ancient Chinese corpus with words closely related to “wisdom”, a wisdom corpus in ancient Chinese is constructed. Conceptual analysis of the connotations of wisdom is then conducted based on the results of semantic analysis. The findings are as follows: (1) “Wisdom” in ancient Chinese is a polysemous term, primarily encompassing two aspects. One refers to pure intelligence and talent, generally used as a neutral term and occasionally as a pejorative;the other signifies an integrated psychological quality that combines virtue and intelligence, used as a commendatory term. (2) The wisdom concept of Chinese sages emphasizes that wisdom must be both benevolent and intelligent, with its essence lying in the integration of virtue and intelligence. (3) The diversity in the interpretation of wisdom by Chinese sages is closely related to the fuzziness of their thinking and the contextual nature of the Chinese language. In summary, “wisdom” in ancient Chinese is a concept with rich connotations, and the traditional Chinese view of wisdom emphasizes that the essence of wisdom lies in the integration of virtue and intelligence.
文摘在中国文化,特别是儒家学说的精髓中,君子人格被构想为一种至高无上的人格模型,它对于深刻洞察与诠释中国文化的心理结构及价值取向具有重要价值。然而,尽管其概念深远且影响广泛,却鲜有通过实验法对其进行探讨。本研究通过鼠标追踪方法探讨大学生对于君子人格和小人人格的认知过程,旨在为目前开展君子人格教育提供实证支持。本研究采取字词启动鼠标归类范式,发现大学生更倾向于把君子人格特质词与君子人名相联结,把小人人格特质词和小人人名相联结,且小人人名与特质词的联结更紧密。研究揭示了大学生对君子人格与小人人格认知的实时心理加工过程,为如何更有效开展君子人格教育提供了科学依据,同时对促进文化传承与创新、提升社会道德风尚也具有深远意义。In Chinese culture, especially at the core of Confucianism, Junzi personality is conceived as a supreme personality model, which holds significant value in gaining profound insights into and interpreting the psychological structure and value orientation of Chinese culture. However, despite its profound concept and widespread influence, there has been a scarcity of systematic exploration through empirical research methods. This study aims to provide theoretical support for the current education on Junzi personality by employing mouse-tracking methodology to investigate the cognitive processes of college students towards Junzi personality and Xiaoren personality. Adopting the word-priming mouse categorization paradigm, the study found that college students tend to associate words representing noble personality traits more closely with names of noble figures, and words representing Xiaoren personality traits more tightly with names of Xiaoren figures. Furthermore, the associations between Xiaoren personality names and their corresponding trait words were found to be even stronger. This research reveals the real-time psychological processing of college students’ cognition towards Junzi and Xiaoren personalities, providing a scientific basis for more effectively conducting education on Junzi personality. It also holds profound significance in promoting cultural heritage and innovation, as well as enhancing social morality and ethics.
文摘汉字是一种表意文字,其本身蕴含丰富的文化内涵,作为记载中国先民心理与行为方式及其特点与规律的“活化石”,许多汉字本身折射出相当的心理学意蕴。本研究使用语义分析法对“智”“慧”和“智慧”进行语义分析,结果发现,来自古汉语中文字学和先哲相关言论方面的证据均表明,中国传统文化秉持“德才一体”的智慧观,美德和才能是构成智慧的重要组成成分,真正的智慧必然融美德和才能于一体。即真正的智慧需要有“善”的引导,智慧的本质是德才一体。Chinese characters are ideograms, inherently rich in cultural connotations. As the “living fossil” that records the psychology, behaviors, characteristics, and patterns of China’s ancestors, many Chinese characters inherently reflect profound psychological implications. This study employs Method of Semantic and Etymology to delve into the meanings of “智” (intelligence), “慧” (virtue), and “智慧” (wisdom). The findings reveal that evidence from the philology of ancient Chinese characters and relevant sayings of ancient sages alike indicate that traditional Chinese culture upholds a wisdom perspective that integrates virtue and intelligence. Both virtue and intelligence are essential components of wisdom, and genuine wisdom inherently combines virtue and intelligence. In other words, genuine wisdom necessitates the guidance of “goodness,” and the essence of wisdom lies in the integrity of virtue and intelligence.
文摘为了探讨当代大学生良心内隐结构,采用广义的实验社会心理学方法进行研究。首先,采用字词联想法收集数据,370名大学生以“良心”为靶子词进行自由联想,选出前60个高频词语作为分析单位,60名大学生对其进行项目分类后,得到良心的5个高阶簇。另请600名大学生对60个良心特征词组成的项目问卷进行评价,探索性因素分析、系统聚类分析和验证性因素分析的结果表明,大学生良心内隐结构包含5个因素:爱人、明智、进取、义举和责任。大学生良心内隐结构的五因素模型体现出典型的中国文化特色,该模型的建构将有助于促进良心道德教育的开展。To explore the implicit structure of conscience among contemporary college students, a generalized experimental social psychology method was employed. First, the word association method was used to collect data, where 370 college students freely associated words with “conscience” as the target word. The top 60 high-frequency words were selected as the units of analysis. Subsequently, 60 college students categorized these items, resulting in five high-order clusters of conscience. Another 600 college students were invited to evaluate the item questionnaire composed of these 60 conscience characteristic words. The results of exploratory factor analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the implicit structure of conscience among college students comprises five factors: loving, wisdom, progressiveness, righteous deeds, and responsibility. The five-factor model of the implicit structure of conscience among college students reflects typical Chinese cultural characteristics, and the construction of this model will contribute to advancing the implementation of conscience and moral education.
