羟基-β-甲基丁酸钙(calciumβ-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate,CaHMB)是β-羟基-β-甲基丁酸(β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyricacid,HMB)的钙盐。CaHMB已通过美国食品药品监督管理局(FoodandDrug Administration,FDA)的一般公认安全(generally ...羟基-β-甲基丁酸钙(calciumβ-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate,CaHMB)是β-羟基-β-甲基丁酸(β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyricacid,HMB)的钙盐。CaHMB已通过美国食品药品监督管理局(FoodandDrug Administration,FDA)的一般公认安全(generally recognized as safe,GRAS)认定和中国的新食品原料申请。近年来CaHMB在运动营养食品、特殊医学用途配方食品(Food for Special Medical Purpose,FSMP)中的应用逐渐增多。本文对CaHMB在毒理学研究和人群试食试验中的安全性及有效性进行综述,以期为其安全有效的应用提供依据。国内外批准使用情况、毒理学研究和人群试食试验均表明CaHMB的安全性较高。人群试食试验提示补充CaHMB可能具有一些有益的健康效应,包括增加老年人、艾滋病或癌症患者等的体重、瘦体组织、肌肉质量和力量,减少肌肉损伤以及在阻抗训练中增加耐力,在预防或改善肌肉减少等方面有较好的应用前景,但CaHMB对阻抗训练人群的有效性有待进一步研究。展开更多
No data were available on the acute oral toxicity, short-term oral toxicity of vegetable carbon in animals. This study was designed to evaluate the safety of two commercially available dietary bamboo charcoal powders...No data were available on the acute oral toxicity, short-term oral toxicity of vegetable carbon in animals. This study was designed to evaluate the safety of two commercially available dietary bamboo charcoal powders（BCP1 and BCP2）. The size distribution of the two powders was determined by a Mastersizer 2000 laser particle size analyzer prior to the in vivo safety studies. For the acute toxicity study, a single dose of 11.24 g/kg body weight of BCP1 and BCP2 was given once orally to healthy Sprague-Dawley（SD） rats. Mortality and clinical symptoms were observed and recorded for the first 30 min after treatment, at 4 h post-administration, and then at least once daily for 14 days after administration. In the repeated dose 28-day oral toxicity study, BCP1 and BCP2 were administered orally at doses of 2.81, 5.62, and 11.24 g/kg body weight for 28 days to SD rats. Animals were sacrificed and organs and blood samples were analyzed. Results showed that both BCP1 and BCP2 were micro-sized and various in size. In the acute toxicity and the repeated dose 28-day oral toxicity studies, BCP caused neither mortality nor visible signs of toxicity in rats. No significant differences were found in the relative organ weights or in biochemical parameters in BCP treated groups compared to a control group. No treatment-related histological changes were observed in the organs of these animals. Based on these data, it is concluded that the median lethal dose（LD50） of BCP for both male and female rats is more than 11. 24 g/kg body weight and the no-observed-adverse-effect level（NOAEL） is 〉11.24 g/kg body weight for 28 days.展开更多
文摘羟基-β-甲基丁酸钙(calciumβ-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate,CaHMB)是β-羟基-β-甲基丁酸(β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyricacid,HMB)的钙盐。CaHMB已通过美国食品药品监督管理局(FoodandDrug Administration,FDA)的一般公认安全(generally recognized as safe,GRAS)认定和中国的新食品原料申请。近年来CaHMB在运动营养食品、特殊医学用途配方食品(Food for Special Medical Purpose,FSMP)中的应用逐渐增多。本文对CaHMB在毒理学研究和人群试食试验中的安全性及有效性进行综述,以期为其安全有效的应用提供依据。国内外批准使用情况、毒理学研究和人群试食试验均表明CaHMB的安全性较高。人群试食试验提示补充CaHMB可能具有一些有益的健康效应,包括增加老年人、艾滋病或癌症患者等的体重、瘦体组织、肌肉质量和力量,减少肌肉损伤以及在阻抗训练中增加耐力,在预防或改善肌肉减少等方面有较好的应用前景,但CaHMB对阻抗训练人群的有效性有待进一步研究。
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81030053)the Doctoral Foundation of the Chinese Ministry of Education(No.20120181110040)
文摘No data were available on the acute oral toxicity, short-term oral toxicity of vegetable carbon in animals. This study was designed to evaluate the safety of two commercially available dietary bamboo charcoal powders（BCP1 and BCP2）. The size distribution of the two powders was determined by a Mastersizer 2000 laser particle size analyzer prior to the in vivo safety studies. For the acute toxicity study, a single dose of 11.24 g/kg body weight of BCP1 and BCP2 was given once orally to healthy Sprague-Dawley（SD） rats. Mortality and clinical symptoms were observed and recorded for the first 30 min after treatment, at 4 h post-administration, and then at least once daily for 14 days after administration. In the repeated dose 28-day oral toxicity study, BCP1 and BCP2 were administered orally at doses of 2.81, 5.62, and 11.24 g/kg body weight for 28 days to SD rats. Animals were sacrificed and organs and blood samples were analyzed. Results showed that both BCP1 and BCP2 were micro-sized and various in size. In the acute toxicity and the repeated dose 28-day oral toxicity studies, BCP caused neither mortality nor visible signs of toxicity in rats. No significant differences were found in the relative organ weights or in biochemical parameters in BCP treated groups compared to a control group. No treatment-related histological changes were observed in the organs of these animals. Based on these data, it is concluded that the median lethal dose（LD50） of BCP for both male and female rats is more than 11. 24 g/kg body weight and the no-observed-adverse-effect level（NOAEL） is 〉11.24 g/kg body weight for 28 days.
