Nitrogen rhizodeposition from corn and soybean,and its contribution to the subsequent wheat crops

Nitrogen(N)is a key factor in the positive response of cereal crops that follow leguminous crops when compared to gramineous crops in rotations,with the nonrecyclable rhizosphere-derived N playing an important role.However,quantitative assessments of differences in the N derived from rhizodeposition(NdfR)between legumes and gramineous crops are lacking,and comparative studies on their contributions to the subsequent cereals are scarce.In this study,we conducted a meta-analysis of NdfR from leguminous and gramineous crops based on 34 observations published worldwide.In addition,pot experiments were conducted to study the differences in the NdfR amounts,distributions and subsequent effects of two major wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)-preceding crops,corn(Zea mays L.)and soybean(Glycine max L.),by the cotton wick-labelling method in the main wheat-producing areas of China.The meta-analysis results showed that the NdfR of legumes was significantly greater by 138.93%compared to gramineous crops.In our pot experiment,the NdfR values from corn and soybean were 502.32 and 944.12 mg/pot,respectively,and soybean was also significantly higher than corn,accounting for 76.91 and 84.15%of the total belowground nitrogen of the plants,respectively.Moreover,in different soil particle sizes,NdfR was mainly enriched in the large macro-aggregates(>2 mm),followed by the small macro-aggregates(2–0.25 mm).The amount and proportion of NdfR in the macro-aggregates(>0.25 mm)of soybean were 3.48 and 1.66 times higher than those of corn,respectively,indicating the high utilization potential of soybean NdfR.Regarding the N accumulation of subsequent wheat,the contribution of soybean NdfR to wheat was approximately 3 times that of corn,accounting for 8.37 and 4.04%of the total N uptake of wheat,respectively.In conclusion,soybean NdfR is superior to corn in terms of the quantity and distribution ratio of soil macro-aggregates.In future field production,legume NdfR should be included in the nitrogen pool that can be absorbed and utilized by subsequent crops,and the role and potential of leguminous plants as nitrogen source providers in crop rotation systems should be fully utilized.

Lithium promotes recovery of neurological function after spinal cord injury by inducing autophagy

Lithium promotes autophagy and has a neuroprotective effect on spinal cord injury（SCI）; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effects of lithium and the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine（3-MA） in a rat model of SCI. The rats were randomly assigned to the SCI, lithium, 3-MA and sham groups. In the 3-MA group, rats were intraperitoneally injected with 3-MA（3 mg/kg） 2 hours before SCI. In the lithium and 3-MA groups, rats were intraperitoneally injected with lithium（LiCl; 30 mg/kg） 6 hours after SCI and thereafter once daily until sacrifice. At 2, 3 and 4 weeks after SCI, neurological function and diffusion tensor imaging indicators were remarkably improved in the lithium group compared with the SCI and 3-MA groups. The Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan locomotor rating scale score and fractional anisotropy values were increased, and the apparent diffusion coefficient value was decreased. Immunohistochemical staining showed that immunoreactivities for Beclin-1 and light-chain 3 B peaked 1 day after SCI in the lithium and SCI groups. Immunoreactivities for Beclin-1 and light-chain 3 B were weaker in the 3-MA group than in the SCI group, indicating that 3-MA inhibits lithium-induced autophagy. Furthermore, NeuN＋ neurons were more numerous in the lithium group than in the SCI and 3-MA groups, with the fewest in the latter. Our findings show that lithium reduces neuronal damage after acute SCI and promotes neurological recovery by inducing autophagy. The neuroprotective mechanism of action may not be entirely dependent on the enhancement of autophagy, and furthermore, 3-MA might not completely inhibit all autophagy pathways.

Feasibility of 3.0 T diffusion-weighted nuclear magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of functional recovery of rats with complete spinal cord injury

Diffusion tensor imaging is a sensitive way to reflect axonal necrosis and degeneration, glial cell regeneration and demyelination following spinal cord injury, and to display microstructure changes in the spinal cord in vivo. Diffusion tensor imaging technology is a sensitive method to diagnose spinal cord injury; fiber tractography visualizes the white matter fibers, and directly displays the structural integrity and resultant damage of the fiber bundle. At present, diffusion tensor imaging is restricted to brain examinations, and is rarely applied in the evaluation of spinal cord injury. This study aimed to explore the fractional anisotropy and apparent diffusion coefficient of diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging and the feasibility of diffusion tensor tractography in the evaluation of complete spinal cord injury in rats. The results showed that the average combined scores were obviously decreased after spinal cord transection in rats, and then began to increase over time. The fractional anisotropy scores after spinal cord transection in rats were significantly lower than those in normal rats （P 〈 0.05）; the apparent diffusion coefficient was significantly increased compared with the normal group （P 〈 0.05）. Following spinal cord transection, fractional anisotropy scores were negatively correlated with apparent diffusion coefficient values （r = -0.856, P 〈 0.01）, and positively correlated with the average combined scores （r = 0.943, P 〈 0.01）, while apparent diffusion coefficient values had a negative correlation with the average combined scores （r = -0.949, P 〈 0.01）. Experimental findings suggest that, as a non-invasive examination, diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging can provide qualita- tive and quantitative information about spinal cord injury. The fractional anisotropy score and apparent diffusion coefficient have a good correlation with the average combined scores, which reflect functional recovery after spinal cord injury.

Therapeutic effect of regulating autophagy in spinal cord injury: a network meta-analysis of direct and indirect comparisons

Objective:An increasing number of studies indicate that autophagy plays an important role in the pathogenesis of spinal cord injury,and that regulating autophagy can enhance recovery from spinal cord injury.However,the effect of regulating autophagy and whether autophagy is detrimental or beneficial after spinal cord injury remain unclear.Therefore,in this study we evaluated the effects of autophagy regulation on spinal cord injury in rats by direct and indirect comparison,in an effort to provide a basis for further research.Data source:Relevant literature published from inception to February 1,2018 were included by searching Wanfang,CNKI,Web of Science,MEDLINE(OvidSP),PubMed and Google Scholar in English and Chinese.The keywords included"autophagy","spinal cord injury",and"rat".Data selection:The literature included in vivo experimental studies on autophagy regulation in the treatment of spinal cord injury(including intervention pre-and post-spinal cord injury).Meta-analyses were conducted at different time points to compare the therapeutic effects of promoting or inhibiting autophagy,and subgroup analyses were also conducted.Outcome measure:Basso,Beattie,and Bresnahan scores.Results:Of the 622 studies,33 studies of median quality were included in the analyses.Basso,Beattie,and Bresnahan scores were higher at 1 day(MD=1.80,95%CI:0.81-2.79,P=0.0004),3 days(MD=0.92,95%CI:0.72-1.13,P<0.00001),1 week(MD=2.39,95%CI:1.85-2.92,P<0.00001),2 weeks(MD=3.26,95%CI:2.40-4.13,P<0.00001),3 weeks(MD=3.13,95%CI:2.51-3.75,P<0.00001)and 4 weeks(MD=3.18,95%CI:2.43-3.92,P<0.00001)after spinal cord injury with upregulation of autophagy compared with the control group(drug solvent control,such as saline group).Basso,Beattie,and Bresnahan scores were higher at 1 day(MD=6.48,95%CI:5.83-7.13,P<0.00001),2 weeks(MD=2.43,95%CI:0.79-4.07,P=0.004),3 weeks(MD=2.96,95%CI:0.09-5.84,P=0.04)and 4 weeks(MD=4.41,95%CI:1.08-7.75,P=0.01)after spinal cord injury with downregulation of autophagy compared with the control group.Indirect comparison of upregulation and downregulation of autophagy showed no differences in Basso,Beattie,and Bresnahan scores at 1 day(MD=-4.68,95%CI:-5.840 to-3.496,P=0.94644),3 days(MD=-0.28,95%CI:-2.231-1.671,P=0.99448),1 week(MD=1.83,95%CI:0.0076-3.584,P=0.94588),2 weeks(MD=0.81,95%CI:-0.850-2.470,P=0.93055),3 weeks(MD=0.17,95%Cl:-2.771-3.111,P=0.99546)or 4 weeks(MD=-1.23,95%Cl:-4.647-2.187,P=0.98264)compared with the control group.Conclusion:Regulation of autophagy improves neurological function,whether it is upregulated or downregulated.There was no difference between upregulation and downregulation of autophagy in the treatment of spinal cord injury.The variability in results among the studies may be associated with differences in research methods,the lack of clearly defined autophagy characteristics after spinal cord injury,and the limited autophagy monitoring techniques.Thus,methods should be standardized,and the dynamic regulation of autophagy should be examined in future studies.

Fast algorithm for simulation of normal and oblique penetration into limestone targets

A fast algorithm is proposed to predict penetration trajectory in simulation of normal and oblique penetration of a rigid steel projectile into a limestone target. The algorithm is designed based on the idea of isolation between the projectile and the target. Corresponding factors of influence are considered, including analytical load model, cratering effect, free surface effect, and separation-reattachment phenomenon. Besides, a method of cavity ring is used to study the process of cavity expansion. Further, description of the projectile＇s three-dimensional gesture is coded for fast calculation, named PENE3D. A presented. As a result, the algorithm is series of cases with selected normal and oblique penetrations are simulated by the algorithm. The predictions agree with the results of tests, showing that the proposed algorithm is fast and effective in simulation of the penetration process and prediction of the penetration trajectory.

Clinical characteristics of perineal endometriosis:A case series

BACKGROUND The prevalence of perineal endometriosis(PEM)is low among women with endometriosis(EM)treated by surgery.It manifests as hard or cystic nodules with pain in the perineal wounds and surrounding areas.Implantation theory is regarded as the main pathogenesis of PEM.There are few clinical studies on the incidence and clinical characteristics of PEM.This study aims to summarize the clinical data of 14 PEM cases and analyze the factors that may be related to the incubation period and pain.AIM To analyze the medical history,clinical manifestations,diagnosis,treatment and treatment effect of PEM.METHODS The present study is a case series.We collected the clinical data and follow-up data of 14 patients with PEM who visited The International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University from January 2009 to December 2019.Paired t test and Pearson correlation analysis were used for statistical analysis.P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTS The 14 patients included had a history of vaginal delivery.All patients underwent PEM lesion resection.Three patients were treated by levator ani muscle repair at the same time and 1 patient underwent extensive PEM lesion resection and anal sphincter repair.Body mass index(BMI)at delivery and BMI within 1 mo after delivery were negatively correlated with the latent period,respectively(R2=0.53/0.86,P<0.05).The average visual analog scale score in lesions at the third month after surgery was 0.57±1.28 for all patients,which was significantly lower than that prior to surgery(P<0.05).One patient relapsed during the sixth month after surgery,and to date,no recurrence occurred after the second surgery.CONCLUSION The higher the BMI during delivery and within 1 mo after delivery,the shorter the incubation period of PEM.It is very important to evaluate the location of lesions before surgery.Surgical resection of the lesion is the best treatment for PEM and results in significant alleviation of symptoms.Therefore,following the diagnosis of PEM,immediate surgery is recommended.

Dynamic Electropulsing Induced Phase Transformations and Their Effects on Single Point Diamond Turning of AZ91 Alloy

The effects of dynamic electropulsing on microstructure changes and phase transformations of a rolled Mg-9Al-1Zn alloy were studied by using optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, back-scattered scanning microscopy and transmission electron microscopy techniques. The decomposition of β phase was accelerated under dynamic electropulsing, compared with the conventional thermal processes. Dynamic electropulsing was less effective in affecting the phase transformations, but more effective in reducing residual stress than the static electropulsing. Dynamic electropulsing improved machinability of single point diamond turning, the mechanism of which is discussed from the point of view of dislocation dynamics.

An efficient Hauser-base electrolyte for rechargeable magnesium batteries

Rechargeable magnesium batteries(RMBs)are considered the promising candidates for post lithium-ion batteries due to the abundant storage,high capacity,and dendrite-rare characteristic of Mg anode.However,the lack of practical electrolytes impedes the development and application of RMBs.Here,through a one-step reaction of LiCl congenital-containing Knochel–Hauser base TMPL(2,2,6,6-tetrame thylpiperidinylmagnesium chloride lithium chloride complex)with Lewis acid AlCl_(3),we successfully synthesized an efficient amino-magnesium halide TMPLA electrolyte.Raman and mass spectroscopy identified that the electrolyte comprises the typical di-nuclear copolymer[Mg_(2)Cl_(3)·6THF]+cation group and[(TMP)2AlCl_(2)]-anion group,further supported by the results of density functional theory calculations(DFT)and the Molecular dynamics(MD)simulations.The TMPLA electrolyte exhibits promising electrochemical performance,including available anodic stability(>2.65 V vs.SS),high ionic conductivity(6.05mS cm^(-1)),and low overpotential(<0.1 V)as well as appropriate Coulombic efficiency(97.3%)for Mg plating/stripping.Both the insertion Mo6S8cathode and conversion Cu S cathode delivered a desirable electrochemical performance with high capacity and good cycling stability based on the TMPLA electrolyte.In particular,when compatible with low cost and easily synthesized Cu S,the Cu S||Mg cell displayed an extremely high discharge capacity of 458.8 mAh g^(-1)for the first cycle and stabilized at 170.2 mAh g^(-1)with high Coulombic efficiency(99.1%)after 50 cycles at 0.05 C.Our work proposes an efficient electrolyte with impressive compatibility with Mg anode and insertion/conversion cathode for practical RMBs and provides a more profound knowledge of the Lewis acid–base reaction mechanisms.

Carbon nanotube supported PtOx nanoparticles with hybrid chemical states for efficient hydrogen evolution

Efficient electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER) in alkaline solution are highly required for water splitting.Here we design an ultra-small PtOx nanoparticle with hybrid Pt chemical states on carbon nanotubes as highly efficient alkaline HER catalyst,which shows a low overpotential of 19.4 mV at 10 mA cm^(-2),a high mass activity of 5.56 A mg_(Pt)^(-1) at 0.1 V, and a stable durability for at least 20 h.The HER performance is better than that of the benchmark 20 wt% Pt/C while the Pt content in the catalyst is only about one tenth of that in Pt/C.It also represents one of the best catalysts ever reported for HER in alkaline solution.Synchrotron radiation X-ray absorption spectroscopy reveals that the efficient and stable alkaline HER performance can be attributed to the favorable design of hybrid chemical states of Pt with carbon nanotubes,which exhibits abundant surface Pt-O as active catalytic sites and forms stable Pt-C interfacial interaction to both anchor the NPs and improve the synergistic effect between catalyst and substrate.

Research status and prospect of separators for magnesium-sulfur batteries

Magnesium-sulfur(Mg-S)batteries have attracted wide research attention in recent years,and are considered as one of the major candidates to replace lithium-ion batteries due to the high theoretical energy density,low costs of active materials,and high safety.However,there are still significant challenges that need to be overcome before they can reach the large-scale practical applications.The key issue is the dissolution and shuttle effect of magnesium polysulfides(Mg-PSs),which leads to severe capacity degradation and shortens cycling life,greatly limiting the development of Mg-S batteries.In order to overcome these challenges,great efforts have been made in cathode materials,electrolytes,and separators.Herein,we review the investigations on suppressing the shuttle effect of Mg-PSs via the modification of separators,including schemes such as coating the functional materials that can hold Mg-PSs on the surface of polyolefin-based or glass fiber(GF)separators,forming gel polymer separators via cross-linking polymerization reactions,and developing gel polymer electrolytes coupled with GF separators.Furthermore,an outlook is proposed for the future design on separator exploitation to accelerate the development of Mg-S battery technology.

FeF_(x) and Fe_(2)ZrO_(5) Co-modified hematite for highly efficient solar water splitting

Hematite is an excellent catalyst for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting but its performance has been highly limited by poor conductivity and high charge recombination.Here by a Zr-based treatment to create bulk Fe_(2)ZrO_(5) in hematite and a F-based treatment to form an ultrathin surface FeF_(x) layer,the charge transfer can be highly improved and the charge recombination can be significantly suppressed.As a result,the FeF_(x) /Zr-Fe_(2)O_(3) photoanode presents an enhanced PEC performance with a photocurrent density of 2.43 m A/cm^(2)at 1.23 V vs.RHE,which is around 3 times higher than that of the pristine Fe_(2)O_(3) .The FeF_(x) /Zr-Fe_(2)O_(3) photoanode also shows a low onset potential of 0.77 V vs.RHE (100 mV lower than the pristine hematite).The performance is much higher than that of the sample treated by Zr or F alone,suggesting the synergistic effect between bulk Fe_(2)ZrO_(5) and surface FeF_(x) .By coupling with the FeNiOOH co-catalyst,the final photoanode can achieve a high photocurrent density of 2.81 mA/cm^(2) at 1.23 V vs.RHE.The novel design of Zr and F co-modified hematite can be used as a promising way to prepare efficient catalysts for solar water splitting.

A potential game-based outsourcing computation framework for multiple calculators

Outsourcing computation enables a computationally weak client to outsource the computation of a function f to a more powerful but untrusted server.The traditional outsourcing computation model forbids communication between players,but it has little effect.Based on the game theory,this paper establishes an outsourcing computation model which is more in line with the actual scene.Firstly,we construct a structural mapping relationship between security outsourcing computation and the optimization problem.Secondly,by designing the individual potential function and the global potential function,the individual goal is consistent with the global goal to ensure the correctness of the calculation results.Finally,in the information exchange environment between calculators,we construct a Zero-determinant strategy to ensure that the calculator chooses the strategy according to the predetermined target.

Does Liuzijue Qigong affect anxiety in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,even during the COVID-19 outbreak?a randomized,controlled trial

Background:Anxiety is a common comorbidity associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),but no well-recognized method can provide effective relief.Liuzijue Qigong(LQG)is a traditional Chinese fitness method,based on breath pronunciation.This study aimed to examine the efficacy of LQG to relieve anxiety in COPD patients and to explore the factors that influence anxiety,including whether LQG is effective during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)outbreak.Methods:We conducted an open-label,randomized,controlled,clinical trial.A total of 60 patients with stable COPD were randomly assigned to two groups.Both groups were given routine medical treatment,and the patients in the pulmonary rehabilitation(PR)group were given an extra intervention in the form of LQG,performed for 30 minutes each day for 12 weeks.Data collection was performed at baseline and 12 weeks(during the COVID-19 epidemic).The primary outcomes were the self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)scores,and the secondary outcomes were relevant information during the epidemic and analyses of the related factors that influenced SAS scores during the COVID-19 outbreak.Results:Compared with baseline,patients in both groups demonstrated varying degrees of improvements in their SAS scores(all P<0.01).An analysis of covariance,adjusted for baseline scores,indicated that the SAS scores improved more dramatically in the PR group than in the control group(F=9.539,P=0.004).During the outbreak,the SAS scores for sleep disorder were higher than all other factors,reaching 1.38±0.67,and the scores for“I can breathe in and out easily”for the PR group were lower than the scores for the control group(Z=−2.108,P=0.035).Significant differences were identified between the two groups for the categories“How much has the outbreak affected your life”,“Do you practice LQG during the epidemic”and“Do you practice other exercises during the epidemic”(all P<0.05).Compared with current reports,LQG had a relatively high adherence rate(80.95%).A multiple linear regression analysis revealed multiple predictors for SAS scores during the outbreak:group(b=−3.907,t=−3.824,P<0.001),COPD assessment test score(b=0.309,t=2.876,P=0.006),SAS score at baseline(b=0.189,t=3.074,P=0.004),and living in a village(b=4.886,t=2.085,P=0.043).Conclusion:LQG could effectively reduce the risks of anxiety among COPD patients,even during the COVID-19 outbreak.For those COPD patients with high COPD assessment test and high baseline SAS scores or who live in villages,we should reinforce the management and intervention of psychological factors during the epidemic.

Analyzing the CT Features of Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax and Its Application Value

Objective:To explore the performance characteristics of CT examination in primary spontaneous pneumothorax(PSP)and the effect of pleurodesis on patients with PSP.Methods:Sixty-four patients with PSP,who received medical care in the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University from January 2017 to December 2021,were selected as the research subjects,of which 40 were male and 24 were female patients.All 64 patients were examined by X-ray and CT;the density,enhancement,and morphology of the pneumothorax were observed and analyzed,and the classification of pneumothorax was done.Results:The clinical analysis of 64 patients with PSP showed that the number of cases with unilateral pneumothorax was 42,accounting for 65.63%,whereas the number of cases with bilateral pneumothorax was 22,accounting for 34.37%.Among the cases of unilateral pneumothorax,the number of cases with left pneumothorax was 26,accounting for 61.90%,whereas the proportion of cases with right pneumothorax was 38.10%.When examined by CT,the diagnostic coincidence rate of 64 patients with PSP was 73.44%;using X-ray examination,the diagnostic coincidence rate of 64 patients with PSP was 92.19%.Conclusion:The detection accuracy of CT is higher than that of X-ray examination,which may improve the treatment effect in PSP,ensure the accuracy of findings,and facilitate follow-up treatment as well as the effect of postoperative analysis.

An Exploration of the Treatment of Spontaneous Progressive Hemopneumothorax in Young People

Objective:To explore an effective treatment for spontaneous progressive hemopneumothorax in young people.Methods:Thirty-four young patients with spontaneous progressive hemopneumothorax from January 2018 to December 2019 were selected to be included in the control group for retrospective analysis;from January 2020 to December 2021,69 young patients with spontaneous progressive hemopneumothorax were selected to be included in the study group.The control group was treated with double-port thoracoscopic bullectomy,whereas the study group was treated with single-port thoracoscopic bullectomy.The intraoperative blood loss,operation time,tube retention time,VAS score,postoperative air leakage,and 1-year recurrence of the patients in the two groups were observed and analyzed.Results:The perioperative conditions of the patients in the study group,including intraoperative bleeding loss,operation time,tube retention time,and VAS scores,were 15.12±1.36,54.69±18.78,2.14±0.98,and 3.25±0.14,respectively.The perioperative conditions of the patients in the control group,including intraoperative bleeding loss,operation time,tube retention time,and VAS scores,were 22.69±2.01,55.36±19.01,4.21±1.01,and 5.36±0.45,respectively;other than the operation time,the differences in intraoperative blood loss,tube retention time,and VAS scores between the two groups were statistically significant(p<0.05);after the surgery,two patients in the study group had postoperative air leakage,accounting for 2.90%and another two patients had recurrence one year after the surgery,accounting for 2.90%;on the other hand,three patients in the control group had postoperative air leakage,accounting for 8.82%,and two patients had recurrence one year after the surgery,accounting for 5.88%.However,χ^(2) test showed that p>0.05.Conclusion:Treatment of spontaneous progressive hemopneumothorax in young people is better with single-port thoracoscopic bullectomy than with two-port thoracoscopic bullectomy,which effectively reduces intraoperative bleeding.The pain level is significantly better with single-port thoracoscopic bullectomy than with two-port thoracoscopic bullectomy,and the prognosis of patients is good with a low probability of recurrence for both,single-and twoport thoracoscopic bullectomy.

A Correlation Analysis of Postoperative Hypercoagulability and Peripheral Circulating Tumor Cells in Patients with Lung Cancer

Objective:To explore the correlation between peripheral circulating tumor cells and hypercoagulability in patients with lung cancer after surgery.Methods:From January 2017 to December 2021,89 patients with lung cancer who were treated in the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University were selected as the research subjects,and a retrospective analysis was conducted to analyze and observe the D-dimer(DD),fibrinogen(FIB),and platelet(PLT)levels in peripheral blood,as well as detect peripheral CTC.Results:There were statistical differences in TMN staging,tumor metastasis,and lymph node metastasis in the clinical data,but there were no statistical differences in gender,smoking history,and pathological classification.After retrospective analysis and comparison of the patients,the DD(mg/ml),FIB(g/L),and PLT(×10^(9)/L)levels of the CTC positive group were 3.41±0.58,3.98±0.87,and 367.26±34.98,respectively;the CTC negative group’s DD(mg/ml),FIB(g/L),and PLT(×10^(9)/L)levels were 0.89±0.49,1.06±0.45,and 234.69±35.69,respectively,and the differences were statistically significant.The factors affecting the prognosis of patients included TMN staging and CTC;the number of CTC positives in the death group was significantly higher than that in the survival group,and there was a statistical difference between the groups.Gender,age,smoking history,pathological type,and surgical resection had no effect on the prognosis of patients.Among the enrolled patients,the survival rate was 71.91%.Conclusion:CTC-positive patients have a higher probability of hypercoagulability after surgery and are prone to tumor metastasis;thus,CTC can be used as a judgment index for the prognosis of patients.

Analysis of Recurrence and Influencing Factors of Spontaneous Pneumothorax After Thoracoscopic Surgery

This study was conducted to explore the factors that are influencing the recurrence of spontaneous pneumothorax after thoracoscopic surgery.Around 110 patients with spontaneous pneumothorax who underwent thoracoscopic bullectomy in Hebei Hospital from May 2017 to May 2021 were included in this study.The patients were divided into the recurrence group(15 cases)and the non-recurrence group(95 cases),and the influences of gender,age,smoking history,height,weight,operation time,the weight of the excised tissue,number of excised pulmonary bullae,postoperative chest tube maintenance time,duration of air leakage,and length of hospital stay on the recurrence of spontaneous pneumothorax after thoracoscopic surgery were investigated.This study found that the height/weight,operation time,duration of air leakage,number of pulmonary bullae removed,weight of the removed tissue,postoperative chest tube maintenance time,and duration of hospital stay in the recurrence group was 3.2±0.4,50.9±1.2,2.1±0.4,1.6±0.2,4.2±1.3,2.4±1.5 and 7.2±1.5,respectively.Meanwhile,the recurrence group was 2.6±0.3,50.8±1.3,1.3±0.2,1.8±0.9,4.4±1.2,4.1±1.7 and 6.9±1.6,respectively.After comparing the relevant factors between the recurrence group and the non-recurrence group,it was found that there was comparability between age,height/weight,duration of air leakage and postoperative chest tube maintenance time,where these factors were shown to affect the recurrence of spontaneous pneumothorax after thoracoscopic surgery,while gender,smoking,operation time,number of resected bullae,weight of resected tissue and length of hospital stay had no effect on recurrence after spontaneous pneumothoracoscopic surgery.In short,thoracoscopic bullectomy is the best clinical treatment for spontaneous pneumothorax,however the occurrence of recurrence of spontaneous pneumothorax after the operation,which is mainly influenced by the patient’s height/weight,postoperative air leakage duration,and chest tube maintenance time.Therefore,it is essential to pay attention to the surgical treatment of the patients,and fully identify the related factors of postoperative recurrence,thereby the follow-up clinical treatment can be carried out effectively.

Biofabrication methods for reconstructing extracellular matrix mimetics

In the human body,almost all cells interact with extracellular matrices(ECMs),which have tissue and organ-specific compositions and architectures.These ECMs not only function as cellular scaffolds,providing structural support,but also play a crucial role in dynamically regulating various cellular functions.This comprehensive review delves into the examination of biofabrication strategies used to develop bioactive materials that accurately mimic one or more biophysical and biochemical properties of ECMs.We discuss the potential integration of these ECM-mimics into a range of physiological and pathological in vitro models,enhancing our understanding of cellular behavior and tissue organization.Lastly,we propose future research directions for ECM-mimics in the context of tissue engineering and organ-on-a-chip applications,offering potential advancements in therapeutic approaches and improved patient outcomes.

Asymmetric two-dimensional diffraction grating via a vortex field in an inverted-Ytype atomic system

We propose a theoretical scheme to realize a two-dimensional(2D)diffraction grating in a four-level inverted-Y-type atomic system coupled by a standing-wave(SW)field and a Laguerre-Gaussian(LG)vortex field.Owing to asymmetric spatial modulation of the LG vortex field,the incident probe field can be lopsidedly diffracted into four domains and an asymmetric 2D electromagnetically induced grating is created.By adjusting the detunings of the probe field and the LG vortex field,the intensities of the LG vortex field and the coherent SW field,as well as the interaction length,the diffraction properties and efficiency,can be effectively manipulated.In addition,the effect of the azimuthal parameter on the Fraunhofer diffraction of the probe field is also discussed.This asymmetric 2D diffraction grating scheme may provide a versatile platform for designing quantum devices that require asymmetric light transmission.

Metal-Organic Framework-Derived Metallic Carbon with Record High Radon Gas Capture Performance

Developing efficient adsorbents for radon(Rn)capture from the ambient environment is of paramount importance for public health.However,it poses a great challenge due to the chemical inertness and extremely low molar concentration of Rn in air.Herein,we report a zeolite imidazolate frameworkderived metallic carbon adsorbent(Zn@NPC)with record high Rn removal performance under ambient conditions.Upon one-step pyrolysis,the prepared Zn@NPC possesses pores with a preference for Rn and atomically dispersed Zn sites,achieving a high Rn removal efficiency that doubles in adsorption coefficient(9.47 L·g^(−1))and triples in adsorption kinetic coefficient(20.25 mL·g^(−1)·min^(−1))over the benchmark Rn adsorbent coconut activated charcoal.Density functional theory calculations elucidate the important role of the metal polarization effect,which cooperates with the pore size confinement effect to boost the overall Rn adsorption performance.This work launches a promising alternative for practical Rn capture.