The coarsening behaviors of γ″-phase particles in Inconel 718 alloy aged at 750, 800, and 850℃ were investigated by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. Detailed observations and quantitative measurements were cond...The coarsening behaviors of γ″-phase particles in Inconel 718 alloy aged at 750, 800, and 850℃ were investigated by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. Detailed observations and quantitative measurements were conducted to characterize the coarsening behavior of the γ″-phase under various aging conditions. The experimental results indicate that the existence of the δ-phase retards the formation and coarsening of the γ″-phase, without influencing its final particle size or amount. Moreover, when cold rolled with a reduction of 50%, the dimensions of the γ″ particles in Inconel 718 alloy decrease with increasing aging time. Furthermore, the coarsening behavior of the γ″-phase in the Inconel 718 alloy after a normal aging treatment（sample A） and that of the primary δ-phase（sample B） follow the Lifshitz–Slyozov–Wagner（LSW） diffusion-controlled growth theory; the thus-obtained activation energies for the γ″-phase are 292 k J·mol^-1 and 302 k J·mol^-1, respectively.展开更多
AIM： To study whether female-specifc prostheses are superior to conventional prostheses after total knee arthroplasty （TKA） by conducting this meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of the 2 different designs.METHOD...AIM： To study whether female-specifc prostheses are superior to conventional prostheses after total knee arthroplasty （TKA） by conducting this meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of the 2 different designs.METHODS： A systematic electronic search was con-ducted in the databases of PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library for prospective and retrospective trials. Meta-analysis was performed for the outcomes, includ-ing range of motion （ROM）, Knee Society score, Hospi-tal for Special Surgery scores （HSS） and complications including deep infection, manipulation under anesthesia （MUA）, revisions, anterior knee pain, deep vein throm-bosis and overhang rate. Meta-analysis was conductedwhere applicable. Weighted mean difference （WMD） and odds ratio were calculated according to study type.RESULTS： Seven studies including 1174 knees wereeligible for data extraction and pooled analysis. The overhang rate of female-specifc prostheses was signif-cantly lower than the conventional ones （WMD, 3.25; 95%CI： 0.00-0.27; P = 0.001）. ROM in the female-spe-cifc prostheses group after TKA tended to be greater than the conventional prostheses group; however, with insignifcant difference （WMD, 2.48; 95%CI： -0.83-5.78; P = 0.14）. HSS （WMD, 0.48; 95%CI： -1.45-0.88; P = 0.63） and complications including deep infection （WMD, 0.39; 95%CI： 0.19-3.08; P =0 .70）, MUA （WMD, 1.53; 95%CI： 0.02-1.61; P = 0.13） and revisions （WMD, 0.55; 95%CI： 0.07-4.34; P = 0.13） were all comparable be-tween the two groups with at least 1 year follow-up. Other indexes were revealed to be similar between the two treatments with a descriptive analytical method.CONCLUSION： Although the overhang rate is lower with female-specific prostheses, the current evidence does not support that female-specific prostheses out-weigh conventional ones after TKA.展开更多
基金the China National Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists (No.51325401)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (No.2015AA042504)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51474156) for grant and financial support
文摘The coarsening behaviors of γ″-phase particles in Inconel 718 alloy aged at 750, 800, and 850℃ were investigated by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. Detailed observations and quantitative measurements were conducted to characterize the coarsening behavior of the γ″-phase under various aging conditions. The experimental results indicate that the existence of the δ-phase retards the formation and coarsening of the γ″-phase, without influencing its final particle size or amount. Moreover, when cold rolled with a reduction of 50%, the dimensions of the γ″ particles in Inconel 718 alloy decrease with increasing aging time. Furthermore, the coarsening behavior of the γ″-phase in the Inconel 718 alloy after a normal aging treatment（sample A） and that of the primary δ-phase（sample B） follow the Lifshitz–Slyozov–Wagner（LSW） diffusion-controlled growth theory; the thus-obtained activation energies for the γ″-phase are 292 k J·mol^-1 and 302 k J·mol^-1, respectively.
文摘AIM： To study whether female-specifc prostheses are superior to conventional prostheses after total knee arthroplasty （TKA） by conducting this meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of the 2 different designs.METHODS： A systematic electronic search was con-ducted in the databases of PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library for prospective and retrospective trials. Meta-analysis was performed for the outcomes, includ-ing range of motion （ROM）, Knee Society score, Hospi-tal for Special Surgery scores （HSS） and complications including deep infection, manipulation under anesthesia （MUA）, revisions, anterior knee pain, deep vein throm-bosis and overhang rate. Meta-analysis was conductedwhere applicable. Weighted mean difference （WMD） and odds ratio were calculated according to study type.RESULTS： Seven studies including 1174 knees wereeligible for data extraction and pooled analysis. The overhang rate of female-specifc prostheses was signif-cantly lower than the conventional ones （WMD, 3.25; 95%CI： 0.00-0.27; P = 0.001）. ROM in the female-spe-cifc prostheses group after TKA tended to be greater than the conventional prostheses group; however, with insignifcant difference （WMD, 2.48; 95%CI： -0.83-5.78; P = 0.14）. HSS （WMD, 0.48; 95%CI： -1.45-0.88; P = 0.63） and complications including deep infection （WMD, 0.39; 95%CI： 0.19-3.08; P =0 .70）, MUA （WMD, 1.53; 95%CI： 0.02-1.61; P = 0.13） and revisions （WMD, 0.55; 95%CI： 0.07-4.34; P = 0.13） were all comparable be-tween the two groups with at least 1 year follow-up. Other indexes were revealed to be similar between the two treatments with a descriptive analytical method.CONCLUSION： Although the overhang rate is lower with female-specific prostheses, the current evidence does not support that female-specific prostheses out-weigh conventional ones after TKA.
