本文以猫脊髓处的检验刺激所诱发的腓肠神经逆向 C 波大小作为判断初级传入 C 纤维突触前末梢兴奋性的指标。电针“环跳”及“阳陵泉”穴引起该逆向 C 波明显增大。表明初级传入 C 纤维突触前末梢发生了去极化。而荷包牡丹碱、纳络酮及...本文以猫脊髓处的检验刺激所诱发的腓肠神经逆向 C 波大小作为判断初级传入 C 纤维突触前末梢兴奋性的指标。电针“环跳”及“阳陵泉”穴引起该逆向 C 波明显增大。表明初级传入 C 纤维突触前末梢发生了去极化。而荷包牡丹碱、纳络酮及 P 物质抗血清能明显地抑制此针刺效应。提示 GABA,内阿片肽及 P 物质均参与针刺突触前抑制的调节。展开更多
Objective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on pain thresh old and experimental arthritis induced cutaneous c fos expression and the influ ence of intraventricular injection of orphanin (OFQ) on EA ana...Objective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on pain thresh old and experimental arthritis induced cutaneous c fos expression and the influ ence of intraventricular injection of orphanin (OFQ) on EA analgesia and arthrit is induced c fos expression in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) SD rats. Met hods: 44 SD rats were randomly divided into A RA model + lateral ventri cular injection (LVI) of normal saline 20 μL + EA, n=8, B (model +L VI of OFQ+EA,n=8), C (normal control, n=8), D (RA model , n=10) and E (model+EA, n=10) groups. RA rat model was esta blished by injection of Freund’s complete adjuvant into the ankle joint space. A cupoints of "Taixi" (KI 3) and "Zusanli" (ST 36) on the right hindlimb were puncture d and stimulated electrically with WQ 10C Electronic Acupoint Detection and The rapeutic Apparatus by setting the parameters of frequency 2/100 Hz, 2～4 V, wave width 0.2～0.6 ms and stimulating duration 20 min. Expression of c fos pr otein in the rat plantar region was detected with immunohistochemical method. OFQ 20 μL, 50 μg/mL was injected into the lateral ventricle of the rat brain. Results: ① In RA rats, the pain threshold in A, B, D and E groups was lowered significantly, while after EA treatment, the pain threshold values, particularly on the 3rd, 4t h and 5th day, were increased significantly (P<0.01). There were no si gnificant differences between model+ OFQ+EA and RA model groups in the pain thre shold (P>0 .05), suggesting an antagonizing effect of OFQ on EA analgesia. ② In comparison with normal control group, the positive neurons of c fos expression in A (82.5 4±24.64) and B (174.87±38.23), D (168.42±34.75) and E (99.65±25.36) grou ps w ere increased considerably in comparison with group C (0.00±0.00), showing a st riking increase of c fos expression. The c fos positive neuron numbers in A a nd D groups were significant lower than that of B and D groups (P< 0.01), display ing that EA can significantly suppress RA induced c fos expression while this effect of EA is antagonized by intraventricular injection of OFQ.展开更多
Acupuncture can mobilize endogenous opioid system and produce analgesia. However, there is some variability of the analgesic effect between individuals, which is related with cholecystokin level of the subject. In the...Acupuncture can mobilize endogenous opioid system and produce analgesia. However, there is some variability of the analgesic effect between individuals, which is related with cholecystokin level of the subject. In the present study, we try to use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to address the question by which neuropathways CCK influences acupuncture induced analgesia. Two different frequencies of transcutaneous electric acupoint stimulation (TEAS) were administered to normal human body. TEAS was used instead of traditional acupuncture for its similar analgesic effect and convenience of parameter adjustment. Our previous studies have indicated that low and high frequency TEAS generated effects through different neuropathways, in which some nuclei of midbrain, thalamus and hypothalamus played an important role. 25 healthy volunteers were randomly divided into two groups to receive low and high frequency TEAS respectively. Data from functional MRI scanning (EPI sequence, TR=3000 ms, TE=45 ms, Flip angle: 90°) were collected at the same time of stimulation. Basal and after TEAS pain thresholds were measured by radiant heat withdrawal test 1～3 days before fMRI examination and changes of pain threshold were calculated as the index of analgesic effect of TEAS. Functional data were processed with cross correlation of timecourse and stimulation curve after registration, normalization and detrending. The averaged signal intensity of every interested region was linear regressed according to the change of pain threshold. We found that in low frequency TEAS group, activation intensity of contralateral primary and supplementary motor areas (MI and SMA), bilateral secondary somatosensory area (SⅡ), contralateral thalamus and anterior cingulate cortex (BA 24), ipsilateral superior temporal gyrus, insula had a significant linear correlation with the change of pain threshold. Furthermore, the signal intensity of bilateral hippocampus and the change of pain threshold had a negative linear correlation. While in the areas of primary somatosensory area (SⅠ) and inferior parietal lobule (BA 40), such linear correlation did not exist. In the case of high frequency TEAS, the results were similar to those mentioned above, that is, the corresponding somatosensory areas and the connective cortex were all activated. While the relevant motor related areas were seldom activated. Parts of the limbic system such as bilateral amygdala, perigenual anterior cingulate cortex, nucleus accumbence, and premedial frontal cortex, were inhibited, among which signals of amygdala and nucleus accumbence were negatively related with the analgesic effect. Our results suggested that different frequencies of TEAS stimulation activated different brain areas. Some brain areas are specifically involved in the TEAS analgesia process. They may play an important role in the acupuncture analgesic neuropathways.展开更多
Interleukin1β (IL 1β) is a proinflammatory cytokine and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia. The expression of IL 1β and its receptor antagonist (IL 1Ra) after cerebral ischemia is not ...Interleukin1β (IL 1β) is a proinflammatory cytokine and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia. The expression of IL 1β and its receptor antagonist (IL 1Ra) after cerebral ischemia is not well defined so far. The aim of present study was to explore the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on the expression of IL 1β and IL 1Ra in rats after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) and reperfusion. Using in situ hybridization and RT PCR techniques, it was found that in the MCAo group the expression of IL 1β mRNA was markedly increased at 2 hr, 6 hr and 12 hr after reperfusion in the ischemic cerebral cortex compared with normal group. The IL 1Ra mRNA expression was rapidly induced by MCAo, and also increased significantly at 12 hr, reaching a peak level at 24 hr of reperfusion in ischemic cortex. In ischemic striatum the IL 1Ra mRNA was increased only at 12 hr after ischemia/reperfusion and decreased significantly at 24 hr after ischemia/reperfusion. In EA + MCAo group the expression of IL 1β mRNA in ischemic cortex was significantly decreased at 2 hr, 6 hr and 12 hr; but the expression of IL 1Ra mRNA was increased significantly compared with MCAo group 24 hr after reperfusion in the cerebral cortex and stratium. Our results indicated that EA stimulation of "Shuigou" (GV 26) and "Baihui" (GV 20) acupoints could downregulate the IL 1β mRNA expression and upregulate the IL 1Ra mRNA expression in cerebral ischemic rats, which might be the neuroprotective effect of EA on cerebral ischemia, and one of the mechanisms of EA anti-ischemia.展开更多
文摘本文以猫脊髓处的检验刺激所诱发的腓肠神经逆向 C 波大小作为判断初级传入 C 纤维突触前末梢兴奋性的指标。电针“环跳”及“阳陵泉”穴引起该逆向 C 波明显增大。表明初级传入 C 纤维突触前末梢发生了去极化。而荷包牡丹碱、纳络酮及 P 物质抗血清能明显地抑制此针刺效应。提示 GABA,内阿片肽及 P 物质均参与针刺突触前抑制的调节。
文摘Objective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on pain thresh old and experimental arthritis induced cutaneous c fos expression and the influ ence of intraventricular injection of orphanin (OFQ) on EA analgesia and arthrit is induced c fos expression in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) SD rats. Met hods: 44 SD rats were randomly divided into A RA model + lateral ventri cular injection (LVI) of normal saline 20 μL + EA, n=8, B (model +L VI of OFQ+EA,n=8), C (normal control, n=8), D (RA model , n=10) and E (model+EA, n=10) groups. RA rat model was esta blished by injection of Freund’s complete adjuvant into the ankle joint space. A cupoints of "Taixi" (KI 3) and "Zusanli" (ST 36) on the right hindlimb were puncture d and stimulated electrically with WQ 10C Electronic Acupoint Detection and The rapeutic Apparatus by setting the parameters of frequency 2/100 Hz, 2～4 V, wave width 0.2～0.6 ms and stimulating duration 20 min. Expression of c fos pr otein in the rat plantar region was detected with immunohistochemical method. OFQ 20 μL, 50 μg/mL was injected into the lateral ventricle of the rat brain. Results: ① In RA rats, the pain threshold in A, B, D and E groups was lowered significantly, while after EA treatment, the pain threshold values, particularly on the 3rd, 4t h and 5th day, were increased significantly (P<0.01). There were no si gnificant differences between model+ OFQ+EA and RA model groups in the pain thre shold (P>0 .05), suggesting an antagonizing effect of OFQ on EA analgesia. ② In comparison with normal control group, the positive neurons of c fos expression in A (82.5 4±24.64) and B (174.87±38.23), D (168.42±34.75) and E (99.65±25.36) grou ps w ere increased considerably in comparison with group C (0.00±0.00), showing a st riking increase of c fos expression. The c fos positive neuron numbers in A a nd D groups were significant lower than that of B and D groups (P< 0.01), display ing that EA can significantly suppress RA induced c fos expression while this effect of EA is antagonized by intraventricular injection of OFQ.
文摘Acupuncture can mobilize endogenous opioid system and produce analgesia. However, there is some variability of the analgesic effect between individuals, which is related with cholecystokin level of the subject. In the present study, we try to use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to address the question by which neuropathways CCK influences acupuncture induced analgesia. Two different frequencies of transcutaneous electric acupoint stimulation (TEAS) were administered to normal human body. TEAS was used instead of traditional acupuncture for its similar analgesic effect and convenience of parameter adjustment. Our previous studies have indicated that low and high frequency TEAS generated effects through different neuropathways, in which some nuclei of midbrain, thalamus and hypothalamus played an important role. 25 healthy volunteers were randomly divided into two groups to receive low and high frequency TEAS respectively. Data from functional MRI scanning (EPI sequence, TR=3000 ms, TE=45 ms, Flip angle: 90°) were collected at the same time of stimulation. Basal and after TEAS pain thresholds were measured by radiant heat withdrawal test 1～3 days before fMRI examination and changes of pain threshold were calculated as the index of analgesic effect of TEAS. Functional data were processed with cross correlation of timecourse and stimulation curve after registration, normalization and detrending. The averaged signal intensity of every interested region was linear regressed according to the change of pain threshold. We found that in low frequency TEAS group, activation intensity of contralateral primary and supplementary motor areas (MI and SMA), bilateral secondary somatosensory area (SⅡ), contralateral thalamus and anterior cingulate cortex (BA 24), ipsilateral superior temporal gyrus, insula had a significant linear correlation with the change of pain threshold. Furthermore, the signal intensity of bilateral hippocampus and the change of pain threshold had a negative linear correlation. While in the areas of primary somatosensory area (SⅠ) and inferior parietal lobule (BA 40), such linear correlation did not exist. In the case of high frequency TEAS, the results were similar to those mentioned above, that is, the corresponding somatosensory areas and the connective cortex were all activated. While the relevant motor related areas were seldom activated. Parts of the limbic system such as bilateral amygdala, perigenual anterior cingulate cortex, nucleus accumbence, and premedial frontal cortex, were inhibited, among which signals of amygdala and nucleus accumbence were negatively related with the analgesic effect. Our results suggested that different frequencies of TEAS stimulation activated different brain areas. Some brain areas are specifically involved in the TEAS analgesia process. They may play an important role in the acupuncture analgesic neuropathways.
文摘Interleukin1β (IL 1β) is a proinflammatory cytokine and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia. The expression of IL 1β and its receptor antagonist (IL 1Ra) after cerebral ischemia is not well defined so far. The aim of present study was to explore the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on the expression of IL 1β and IL 1Ra in rats after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) and reperfusion. Using in situ hybridization and RT PCR techniques, it was found that in the MCAo group the expression of IL 1β mRNA was markedly increased at 2 hr, 6 hr and 12 hr after reperfusion in the ischemic cerebral cortex compared with normal group. The IL 1Ra mRNA expression was rapidly induced by MCAo, and also increased significantly at 12 hr, reaching a peak level at 24 hr of reperfusion in ischemic cortex. In ischemic striatum the IL 1Ra mRNA was increased only at 12 hr after ischemia/reperfusion and decreased significantly at 24 hr after ischemia/reperfusion. In EA + MCAo group the expression of IL 1β mRNA in ischemic cortex was significantly decreased at 2 hr, 6 hr and 12 hr; but the expression of IL 1Ra mRNA was increased significantly compared with MCAo group 24 hr after reperfusion in the cerebral cortex and stratium. Our results indicated that EA stimulation of "Shuigou" (GV 26) and "Baihui" (GV 20) acupoints could downregulate the IL 1β mRNA expression and upregulate the IL 1Ra mRNA expression in cerebral ischemic rats, which might be the neuroprotective effect of EA on cerebral ischemia, and one of the mechanisms of EA anti-ischemia.
