Two-line hybrid rice with excellent quality is preferred in the Chinese market.However,there is a trade-off between reducing costs for hybrid seed production and lowering the outcrossing rate of the sterile line,which...Two-line hybrid rice with excellent quality is preferred in the Chinese market.However,there is a trade-off between reducing costs for hybrid seed production and lowering the outcrossing rate of the sterile line,which is largely determined by the stigma exsertion rate(SER).In this study,we constructed mutants of male sterility lines with improved grain length(GL)and SER in three elite early-season indica rice varieties through targeted manipulation of the TMS5 and GS3 genes using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated multiplex systems.We obtained a series of marker-free gs3 single mutants and gs3tms5 double mutants with significantly higher SER,longer grains,and increased 1000-grain weight compared with the wild type(WT).Importantly,the typically thermo-sensitive genic male sterile(TGMS)trait with a higher SER was observed in gs3tms5 mutants,and their F1 hybrids exhibited remarkable improvements in grain shape and yield-related traits.Our findings provided an efficient method to generate new valuable TGMS germplasm with improved SER through the mutagenesis of GS3 and TMS5 synergistically,and demonstrated that GS3 had pleiotropic effects on grain size,SER,and grain quality in early-season indica rice.展开更多
为探明洞庭湖平原双季稻区不同栽培方式对早稻生育期、干物质积累及产量的影响,以常规稻和杂交稻为材料,系统比较研究了塑料软盘育秧抛栽、手插和机插3种栽培方式。结果表明,与机插相比,抛栽和手插促进了早稻生育进程,全生育期缩短,抛...为探明洞庭湖平原双季稻区不同栽培方式对早稻生育期、干物质积累及产量的影响,以常规稻和杂交稻为材料,系统比较研究了塑料软盘育秧抛栽、手插和机插3种栽培方式。结果表明,与机插相比,抛栽和手插促进了早稻生育进程,全生育期缩短,抛栽和手插分别缩短5～8 d和2～4 d。群体根系和地上部干重均表现为抛栽>手插>机插,差异均达显著水平。成熟期植株根系和穗干物质占总干物质量的比例为抛栽>手插>机插,茎干物质的比例为手插>抛栽>机插;叶干物质比例在分蘖期和齐穗期为机插>手插>抛栽,灌浆期和成熟期为手插>抛栽>机插。分蘖期、齐穗期和灌浆期,抛栽和手插水稻叶片SPAD值均显著高于机插;成熟期,各处理间无显著差异。水稻叶面积指数表现为抛栽>手插>机插。不同栽培方式间水稻产量差异显著,抛栽最高,机插最低;抛栽和手插分别比机插增产1203.3～1346.7 kg hm–2和776.7～1045.4 kg hm–2。说明不同栽培方式水稻干物质积累和产量有各自特征,与手插和机插相比,抛栽处理干物质总量大而且分配合理,有利于改善产量构成因素,增加水稻产量。展开更多
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China(Grant Nos.LY24C130004,LY22C135104,and LY23C130002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31501288)+1 种基金the Open Project Program of State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding,China(Grant No.20210207)Central Publicinterest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund,China(Grant No.CPSIBRF-CNRRI-202203).
文摘Two-line hybrid rice with excellent quality is preferred in the Chinese market.However,there is a trade-off between reducing costs for hybrid seed production and lowering the outcrossing rate of the sterile line,which is largely determined by the stigma exsertion rate(SER).In this study,we constructed mutants of male sterility lines with improved grain length(GL)and SER in three elite early-season indica rice varieties through targeted manipulation of the TMS5 and GS3 genes using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated multiplex systems.We obtained a series of marker-free gs3 single mutants and gs3tms5 double mutants with significantly higher SER,longer grains,and increased 1000-grain weight compared with the wild type(WT).Importantly,the typically thermo-sensitive genic male sterile(TGMS)trait with a higher SER was observed in gs3tms5 mutants,and their F1 hybrids exhibited remarkable improvements in grain shape and yield-related traits.Our findings provided an efficient method to generate new valuable TGMS germplasm with improved SER through the mutagenesis of GS3 and TMS5 synergistically,and demonstrated that GS3 had pleiotropic effects on grain size,SER,and grain quality in early-season indica rice.
文摘为探明洞庭湖平原双季稻区不同栽培方式对早稻生育期、干物质积累及产量的影响,以常规稻和杂交稻为材料,系统比较研究了塑料软盘育秧抛栽、手插和机插3种栽培方式。结果表明,与机插相比,抛栽和手插促进了早稻生育进程,全生育期缩短,抛栽和手插分别缩短5～8 d和2～4 d。群体根系和地上部干重均表现为抛栽>手插>机插,差异均达显著水平。成熟期植株根系和穗干物质占总干物质量的比例为抛栽>手插>机插,茎干物质的比例为手插>抛栽>机插;叶干物质比例在分蘖期和齐穗期为机插>手插>抛栽,灌浆期和成熟期为手插>抛栽>机插。分蘖期、齐穗期和灌浆期,抛栽和手插水稻叶片SPAD值均显著高于机插;成熟期,各处理间无显著差异。水稻叶面积指数表现为抛栽>手插>机插。不同栽培方式间水稻产量差异显著,抛栽最高,机插最低;抛栽和手插分别比机插增产1203.3～1346.7 kg hm–2和776.7～1045.4 kg hm–2。说明不同栽培方式水稻干物质积累和产量有各自特征,与手插和机插相比,抛栽处理干物质总量大而且分配合理,有利于改善产量构成因素,增加水稻产量。
