牡蛎礁是蓝色碳汇的重要组成部分,其通过钙化作用、生物同化作用以及生物沉积作用等来完成对碳的封存,以达到碳中和的目的。目前我国关于热带天然牡蛎礁碳库储量的研究较少。文章评估了海南岛近岸4处典型天然牡蛎礁(文昌龙楼、文昌会文...牡蛎礁是蓝色碳汇的重要组成部分,其通过钙化作用、生物同化作用以及生物沉积作用等来完成对碳的封存,以达到碳中和的目的。目前我国关于热带天然牡蛎礁碳库储量的研究较少。文章评估了海南岛近岸4处典型天然牡蛎礁(文昌龙楼、文昌会文、昌江昌化和儋州海头)的碳库储量,并分析了其时空变化特征及其原因。结果表明,4处礁区的现存总碳库储量为18734.6 t C,长期总碳库储量为16883.08 t C。其中海头、昌化、龙楼和会文的现存碳库储量及单位面积平均碳库储量分别为15923.42 t C(3.46 kg C/m^(2))、2119.01 t C(6.09 kg C/m^(2))、494.53 t C(2.49 kg C/m^(2))和197.63 t C(3.67 kg C/m^(2)),长期碳库储量分别为14334.11、1898.99、460.08和189.91 t C。海头和昌化牡蛎礁单位面积碳库储量可能受到高温或低温的影响,在7月和12月出现下降趋势,而在水温适宜的10月和2月,牡蛎快速生长,同时导致单位面积碳库储量的上升,值得注意的是牡蛎的繁殖可能是10月份单位面积碳库储量上升的另一重要因素。2022年6~12月龙楼地区的牡蛎遗壳脱落导致牡蛎礁单位面积碳库储量连续下降,而2022年7月、10月和2023年2月会文地区牡蛎的死亡率升高,牡蛎活体壳和软体部分固碳量下降。研究表明,海南岛近岸天然牡蛎礁总体固碳效率较高,固碳潜力大,其碳储量受温度、海况及周边养殖活动的影响较大。研究同时发现上述区域仍面临人为干扰和系统退化的风险,亟需制订相关保护政策并开展有效的人工增殖,以保证其良好的固碳功能。展开更多
Nanomaterials,particularly titanium dioxide nanoparticles(TiO_(2)-NPs),are extensively utilized across various industries.However,their environmental release has raised concerns regarding their potential ecological an...Nanomaterials,particularly titanium dioxide nanoparticles(TiO_(2)-NPs),are extensively utilized across various industries.However,their environmental release has raised concerns regarding their potential ecological and environmental impacts.The reproductive toxicity of TiO_(2)-NPs in fish species has attracted considerable attention,yet conflicting research outcomes have been reported.We investigated the effects of TiO_(2)-NPs exposure on the liver of juvenile Amur sturgeon Acipenser schrenckii using label-free proteomic and untargeted metabolomic analyses.The experiment included a control group and three groups exposed to different concentrations of TiO_(2)-NPs(low,TL;medium,TM;high,TH).Compared to the control group,9,19,and 25 proteins and 35,73,and 158 metabolites were differentially expressed in the TH,TM,and TL TiO_(2)-NP-exposed groups,respectively.The differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were enriched in the Kyoto Encyclopedia for Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathways related to glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.Moreover,among the 126 correlated proteins,the most enriched pathways were associated with endocytosis and protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum.Notably,syringic acid was significantly downregulated across all three TiO_(2)-NP-exposed groups.To obtain a comprehensive overview of the TiO_(2)-NP-induced expression changes,a co-regulated network of proteins and metabolites associated with TiO_(2)-NPs exposure was constructed.Exposure to TiO_(2)-NPs led to enrichment and alteration of pathways related to immune responses,including endocytosis,protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum,and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor(PPAR)signaling.In conclusion,our findings indicate that exposure to TiO_(2)-NPs might disrupt glucose metabolism and induce immune responses,thus contributing to our understanding of the environmental impacts of nanomaterials and highlighting the need for further research and development of potential mitigation strategies.展开更多
文摘牡蛎礁是蓝色碳汇的重要组成部分,其通过钙化作用、生物同化作用以及生物沉积作用等来完成对碳的封存,以达到碳中和的目的。目前我国关于热带天然牡蛎礁碳库储量的研究较少。文章评估了海南岛近岸4处典型天然牡蛎礁(文昌龙楼、文昌会文、昌江昌化和儋州海头)的碳库储量,并分析了其时空变化特征及其原因。结果表明,4处礁区的现存总碳库储量为18734.6 t C,长期总碳库储量为16883.08 t C。其中海头、昌化、龙楼和会文的现存碳库储量及单位面积平均碳库储量分别为15923.42 t C(3.46 kg C/m^(2))、2119.01 t C(6.09 kg C/m^(2))、494.53 t C(2.49 kg C/m^(2))和197.63 t C(3.67 kg C/m^(2)),长期碳库储量分别为14334.11、1898.99、460.08和189.91 t C。海头和昌化牡蛎礁单位面积碳库储量可能受到高温或低温的影响,在7月和12月出现下降趋势,而在水温适宜的10月和2月,牡蛎快速生长,同时导致单位面积碳库储量的上升,值得注意的是牡蛎的繁殖可能是10月份单位面积碳库储量上升的另一重要因素。2022年6~12月龙楼地区的牡蛎遗壳脱落导致牡蛎礁单位面积碳库储量连续下降,而2022年7月、10月和2023年2月会文地区牡蛎的死亡率升高,牡蛎活体壳和软体部分固碳量下降。研究表明,海南岛近岸天然牡蛎礁总体固碳效率较高,固碳潜力大,其碳储量受温度、海况及周边养殖活动的影响较大。研究同时发现上述区域仍面临人为干扰和系统退化的风险,亟需制订相关保护政策并开展有效的人工增殖,以保证其良好的固碳功能。
基金Supported by the Guizhou Provincial Basic Research Program(No.ZK[2023]175)the Earmarked Fund for the China Agriculture Research System(No.CARS-46)。
文摘Nanomaterials,particularly titanium dioxide nanoparticles(TiO_(2)-NPs),are extensively utilized across various industries.However,their environmental release has raised concerns regarding their potential ecological and environmental impacts.The reproductive toxicity of TiO_(2)-NPs in fish species has attracted considerable attention,yet conflicting research outcomes have been reported.We investigated the effects of TiO_(2)-NPs exposure on the liver of juvenile Amur sturgeon Acipenser schrenckii using label-free proteomic and untargeted metabolomic analyses.The experiment included a control group and three groups exposed to different concentrations of TiO_(2)-NPs(low,TL;medium,TM;high,TH).Compared to the control group,9,19,and 25 proteins and 35,73,and 158 metabolites were differentially expressed in the TH,TM,and TL TiO_(2)-NP-exposed groups,respectively.The differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were enriched in the Kyoto Encyclopedia for Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathways related to glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.Moreover,among the 126 correlated proteins,the most enriched pathways were associated with endocytosis and protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum.Notably,syringic acid was significantly downregulated across all three TiO_(2)-NP-exposed groups.To obtain a comprehensive overview of the TiO_(2)-NP-induced expression changes,a co-regulated network of proteins and metabolites associated with TiO_(2)-NPs exposure was constructed.Exposure to TiO_(2)-NPs led to enrichment and alteration of pathways related to immune responses,including endocytosis,protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum,and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor(PPAR)signaling.In conclusion,our findings indicate that exposure to TiO_(2)-NPs might disrupt glucose metabolism and induce immune responses,thus contributing to our understanding of the environmental impacts of nanomaterials and highlighting the need for further research and development of potential mitigation strategies.
