基于IWRSEI的右玉县生态环境质量时空变化分析

北方农牧交错带是我国典型的生态脆弱区,精准评估农牧交错带生态环境质量变化,为区域生态文明建设与实现可持续发展提供合理参考。以农牧交错带的核心区域右玉县为研究区,选取2002年、2008年、2014年、2020年四个不同时期的Landsat影像作为数据基础,在遥感生态指数(RSEI)模型基础上,引入盐度指标(NDSI)构建改进的遥感生态指数(IWRSEI)对2002~2020年右玉县的生态环境质量进行定量评价,通过空间自相关分析生态环境质量时空演变规律。结果表明:(1) 在IWRSEI模型中,第一主成分的荷载值的正负及其排序与RSEI保持一致。此外,IWRSEI模型的第一主成分的特征值贡献率较RSEI提升了1.92%,使得评价结果更贴近实际地表状况,该模型更适合应用于右玉县的生态环境质量评估。(2) 2002~2020年间右玉县的IWRSEI指数平均值为0.509,生态环境质量处于较为良好的状态。IWRSEI指数的年均值呈现一个先增后减的趋势,其中在2014年达到峰值0.550。2002~2014年右玉县的生态环境质量等级分布保持稳定,南部、西部和中部高海拔地带生态环境质量较好,而北部、东北部及中部低海拔区域质量较差;2014~2020年生态环境质量较差的区域面积占比显著上升了16.24%,而质量较好占比减少18.37%,主要变化集中在中低海拔地区。(3) 右玉县生态环境质量存在显著的空间自相关性,局部主要为高–高集聚和低–低集聚,与生态指数分布变化趋于一致。An appropriate reference for the establishment of regional ecological civilization and the achievement of sustainable development is the precisely assessed ecological environment quality changes in the northern agriculture and animal husbandry intertwined belt, which is a typical ecologically fragile area in China. Using Youyu County as the study location, which is the crossbreeding zone’s central region, the data base consisted of Landsat images from the years 2002, 2008, 2014, and 2020. The salinity index (NDSI) was added based on the Remote Sensing Ecological Index (RSEI) model to create the Improved Remote Sensing Ecological Index (IWRSEI), which measures the quality of the ecological environment in Youyu County from 2002 to 2020. Youyu County’s ecological environment quality was assessed quantitatively, and spatial autocorrelation was used to examine the ecological environment quality’s temporal and spatial evolution. The findings demonstrate that (1) in the IWRSEI model, the first main component’s loadings and ordering, both positively and negatively, are consistent with RSEI. Additionally, the IWRSEI model’s first principal component’s eigenvalue contribution rate improved by 1.92% when compared to the RSEI, bringing the evaluation results closer to the real surface conditions and making the model more appropriate for use in Youyu County’s ecological environment quality assessment. (2) Youyu County’s average IWRSEI rating from 2002 to 2020 was 0.509, indicating that the ecological environment is in reasonably excellent condition. The IWRSEI’s yearly average value exhibits an increasing and subsequently declining pattern, peaking at 0.550 in 2014. From 2002 to 2014, Youyu County’s ecological environment quality ratings were distributed steadily, with the high-altitude zones in the south, west, and central regions maintaining the same ecological environment quality grades. The central high-elevation zone has a better ecological environment than the northern, northeastern, and central low-elevation areas;from 2014 to 2020, the percentage of areas with a poorer ecological environment increased significantly by 16.24%, while the percentage of areas with a better ecological environment decreased by 18.37%. The main changes were concentrated in the middle and low-elevation areas. (3) There is a significant spatial autocorrelation in the ecological environment quality of Youyu County, with local areas mainly characterized by high-high clustering and low-low clustering, which is consistent with the distributional changes of the ecological index.

1990~2020年赤峰市土地利用变化及景观生态风险评价

本文以内蒙古赤峰市为研究区域,利用1990、2000、2010和2020年4期土地利用数据分析40年间土地利用的数量变化、空间变化及程度变化分析,在此基础上进行研究区的景观生态风险评价。结果表明:(1) 草地、耕地和林地是研究区主要地类,四个时期草地均占总面积40%以上,耕地和林地的占比分别为22%和14%左右,在研究时期草地转移最大,其次为林地、耕地、未利用地、建设用地和水域。赤峰市各类土地利用重心迁移具有差异性,赤峰市各辖旗县区土地利用程度变化量和变化率均大于0,表明赤峰市整体上土地利用程度加深,处于发展时期,整体土地利用效率不断提高。(2) 景观生态评价方面:赤峰市1990~2020年的生态风险指数平均值分别呈逐年上升趋势,表明随着土地利用结构的变化,研究区生态安全状况趋于恶化。从景观生态风险空间分异来看,研究区生态风险等级主要以中风险区和较高风险区为主。赤峰市1990~2020年的景观生态风险空间分布变化并无差异。整体风险由中心向四周梯度递减,呈“较高–中–较低”的空间分布格局。

黑龙江省人口数量时空变化分析

本文以我国黑龙江省的13个地级市为研究对象,主要对2015~2019年黑龙江省13个地级市的年末总人口相关数据进行比较研究,并采用人口自然增长率、人口密度、人口不均衡指数以及变异系数等方法分析了近五年黑龙江省人口的时间变化特征和空间变化特征,为黑龙江省今后的发展规划,人才引进提供了一定的依据。研究结果表明:从时间上:(1) 黑龙江省总人口在研究期间内一直呈现负增长的模式,人口自然增长率一直呈现负值,且2017到2019年间人口负增长速度逐渐加快;(2) 各地级市人口在研究期间内增长幅度与黑龙江省人口数量增长略有差异,但是总体上人口呈负增长的城市占绝大多数。从空间上:(1) 西南部城市人口密度最高,东部城市人口密度处于中等水平,北部两个城市人口密度最低;(2) 东部城市群人口分布最均衡,北部城市群人口最分散;(3) 西南部城市群年末平均人口数量变异系数值最高,北部城市群年末平均人口数量变异系数值中等,东部城市群年末平均人口数量变异系数值较低。说明西南部城市群受高校数量、城市发展等因素影响人口流动性较大。

矿区砂岩含水层水岩作用及水化学特征研究——以青东煤矿为例

本文以青东煤矿砂岩含水层23组样品为研究对象,运用Piper三线图、离子浓度直方图、主成分分析、相关性分析等方法,对该含水层的水化学特征、水岩相互作用以及离子来源等水文地球化学特征进行研究。结果表明:常规离子含量排序为: > Na K > > Cl− > Ca2 > > Mg2 ,阴阳离子的优势离子分别是和Na K;主成分表明主成分1中Ca2 和Cl−均有较强的正相关,Cl−含量与岩盐矿物溶解有关,Ca2 的含量较高说明阳离子交替吸附作用较为明显,主成分2中Ca2 、Mg2 荷载值较高,其次为,说明其水化学作用主要为硫酸盐岩矿物溶解,主成分3中K Na 、有强正相关,与Cl−有中相关,代表了硫酸岩矿物、岩盐等矿物的溶解;相关性分析表明,砂岩含水层中对pH起主要影响作用,K Na 和、Ca2 和Mg2 之间的正相关性较强,主要源于硅酸盐矿物的风化和硫酸盐岩矿物的溶解,K Na 和Cl−呈中等正相关,说明这些元素可能来自于岩盐。

和美乡村社会评价与空间建构研究——以陕南地区为例

本文基于地理学视角进行和美乡村的内涵界定与评价体系,构建人文子系统家庭和睦、邻里和气、伙伴合作、村民和附、市民和来的“五和”与空间子系统乡村富裕美、自然生态美、乡情浓郁美、村落建筑美的“四美”框架。研究结果显示:①乡村物质空间建设上,汉中优于安康;②产业组织方面,安康优于汉中;③陕南宜居宜业和美乡村建设受政府关注度、企业带动作用和资源条件的影响,不同村庄间差异度大。最终对调研中各村庄在和美度存在的不足,提出了合理的政策建议。This paper defines and evaluates the concept of harmonious villages from a geographical perspective, constructing a framework that includes the “Five Harmonies” in the humanistic subsystem (harmonious families, harmonious neighborhoods, cooperative partnerships, harmonious villagers, harmonious citizens) and the “Four Beauties” in the spatial subsystem (prosperous and beautiful villages, beautiful natural ecology, rich and detailed cultural beauty, beautiful village architecture). The results of the study show: ① In terms of rural physical space construction, Hanzhong is superior to Ankang. ② In terms of industrial organization, Ankang outperforms Hanzhong. ③ The construction of harmonious and beautiful villages in southern Shaanxi, which are suitable for living and working, is influenced by government attention, the driving role of enterprises, and resource conditions, resulting in significant differences between different villages. Finally, reasonable policy recommendations are made to address the lacking of harmony and beauty observed in various villages surveyed.

多情景模拟下南四湖流域生态系统服务权衡变化研究

南四湖是中国第六大湖,也是南水北调东线工程的重要调水区。本文利用InVEST模型、生态效益评估方法和情景模拟法,通过分析区域典型生态系统服务间的相互关系,模拟多种生态管理情景下的土地利用变化,以预测其对生态系统服务价值及其作用关系的影响。研究结果表明:五种模拟情景下,生境质量和授粉服务的变化程度最大;城市自然增长情景与四种生态保护情景下生态系统服务间的相互关系变化相差较大,但是在四种生态保护情景里各服务间的相互关系相差较小;滨岸带退耕还林生态保护情景下总体效益最佳,南四湖流域未来规划应偏向滨岸带退耕还林生态保护情景。

基于田野调查的村域尺度耕地“非粮化”特征及驱动因素研究

村域作为国土空间的主形态,是实施耕地保护政策的基本单位,也是准确诊断耕地“非粮化”的基本单元。本文以内蒙古自治区科尔沁左翼中旗经济相对欠发达的希伯花镇巴音胡硕嘎查(相当于行政村)为研究区域,通过田野调查,获取研究区耕地基本数据的基础上,采取统计分析和多元线性回归分析法,对村域耕地“非粮化”现状及其成因进行分析。结果表明:(1) 由300户农户的问卷调查统计数据来看,547.3 hm2耕地中有174.3 hm2耕地用于种植经济作物,占耕地总面积的31.8%,其中自种耕地的非粮化水平为3.7%、流转耕地的非粮化水平为72.2%;(2) 经济、社会、农户自身条件和当地资源禀赋等多重因素共同驱动了研究区耕地“非粮化”水平,其中种粮比较效益的低下、家庭劳动力的流失、农户自身文化的限制以及耕地产量的不稳定是导致耕地“非粮化”的重要驱动因素,劳动力流入城市或耕地流转后,耕地“非粮化”程度出现了进一步加剧的现象。As the primary form of land space, the village area serves as the fundamental unit for implementing cultivated land protection policies and accurately diagnosing non-grain cultivated land. This study focuses on Bayin Hushuo Gacha, an economically underdeveloped administrative village in Xibohua Town, Horqin Left Wing Middle Banner, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Utilizing field investigation data on cultivated land in the research area, statistical analysis and multiple linear regression are employed to analyze the current situation and causes of non-grain cultivated land in the village. The findings indicate that: (1) Out of 547.3 hm2 of cultivated land surveyed from 300 peasant households, 174.3 hm2 (31.8% of total cultivated land) was used for cash crop cultivation, with a non-grain level of 3.7% and converted land at 72.2%;(2) Various factors including economic conditions, social dynamics, farmers’ circumstances, and local resource endowment collectively influence the non-grainization level of cultivated land in this area. Among these factors are low comparative benefits from growing grain crops, loss of family labor force availability, constraints related to farmers’ cultural background, and instability in yield from cultivated lands which significantly contribute to the trend towards non-grainization.

川南城市群热岛效应对臭氧污染的影响

由于城市化进程快速推进,城市环境问题日益凸显,热岛效应和臭氧问题是城市化两个突出的环境问题。为了研究川南城市群热岛效应对臭氧浓度的影响,本文用MODIS地表温度数据以及臭氧历史监测数据,分析了2010~2019年川南城市群城市热岛效应和臭氧浓度的时空分布特征、热岛效应对臭氧浓度的影响。结果表明:(1) 川南城市群城市用地热岛强度的年变化波动幅度较大,总体表现为2015年前减弱,2015年后增强,其中热岛强度最高值出现在2012年(1.39℃),最低值出现在2015年(−0.23℃)。热岛强度季节变化幅度较大。从空间分布上看,川南城市群秋季强热岛分布面积最广,冬季热岛分布显著缩减;(2) 川南城市群五个城市臭氧浓度均呈现春夏高,秋冬低的分布特征,五个城市除乐山外其余四个城市夏季臭氧浓度约为冬季的两倍。空间分布上,春季和冬季臭氧浓度空间分布表现为内江和自贡略高于剩余三个城市,夏季乐山和内江出现大面积高值区(88~102 μg/m3);(3) 热岛强度与臭氧浓度存在显著正相关性。城市化发展程度越高,对土地覆盖的影响越大,人口密度越集中,热岛效应越明显,促进臭氧的生成。Due to the rapid progress of urbanization, urban environmental problems are becoming increasingly prominent, with heat island effect and ozone problem being the two prominent environmental problems of urbanization. In order to study the impact of urban heat island effect on ozone concentration in the southern Sichuan urban agglomeration, this paper uses MODIS surface temperature data and historical ozone monitoring data to analyze the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of urban heat island effect and ozone concentration in the southern Sichuan urban agglomeration from 2010 to 2019, as well as the impact of heat island effect on ozone concentration. The results show that: (1) the annual fluctuation of urban land heat island intensity in the southern Sichuan urban agglomeration is significant, with an overall trend of weakening before 2015 and increasing after 2015;The highest value of heat island intensity occurred in 2012 (1.39˚C), and the lowest value occurred in 2015 (−0.23˚C). The seasonal variation in heat island intensity is significant. From a spatial distribution perspective, the autumn heat island distribution area in the southern Sichuan urban agglomeration is the widest, while the winter heat island distribution is significantly reduced;(2) The ozone concentration in the five cities of the southern Sichuan urban agglomeration shows a distribution pattern of high in spring and summer, and low in autumn and winter. Except for Leshan, the ozone concentration in the other four cities in summer is about twice that in winter. In terms of spatial distribution, the spatial distribution of ozone concentration in spring and winter shows that Neijiang and Zigong are slightly higher than the remaining three cities, while in summer, Leshan and Neijiang have a large area of high-value areas (88~102 μg/m3);(3) There is a significant positive correlation between heat island intensity and ozone concentration. The higher the level of urbanization development, the greater the impact on land cover, the more concentrated the population density, the more obvious the heat island effect, and the promotion of ozone generation.

衡阳市传统村落选址特征研究

近年来,学术界对于传统村落关注度提升,对传统村落保护、利用等方面的研究日渐增加。衡阳市的传统村落具有历史、艺术、科学和文化等方面的研究价值,研究衡阳市传统村落的选址特征可以更深入了解各方面因素长期对传统村落的影响。本文运用文献分析法、实地调研法,定性分析了衡阳市传统村落选址的特征并进行归纳分类,在运用ArcGIS地理分析软件,用最小临近系数、核密度分析以及标准差椭圆等数学模型将衡阳市传统村落的村落选址特征进行量化分析,使研究结论更具科学性。

西南地区极端降水时空变化及概率分布特征研究

基于西南地区1961~2012年101个气象站的逐日降水资料,本文研究了该区极端降水的时空变化规律及其概率分布特征。结果表明:西南地区极端降水频数整体呈不明显的下降趋势,气候倾向率仅为−0.14次/10a,但极端降水量对总降水量的贡献率呈极显著增加趋势。西南地区极端降水尽管具有突变特征,但均没有通过显著性水平检验。此外,极端降水具有55a、35a、21a和13a的周期变化规律,且不同周期的振荡能量明显不同。极端降水高值区主要集中在云南西南部、贵州大部和四川盆地中部,其中四川省乐山站的降水量及其变差系数均为高值中心。广义极值GEV分布和Gamma函数分布均能较好地拟合西南地区的极端降水,但Gamma函数分布的拟合效果更优。Based on the daily precipitation data from 101 meteorological stations, this paper investigates the spatial and temporal characteristics of extreme precipitation and analyzes its probability distribution characteristics in Southwest China from 1961 to 2012. The results show that the overall frequency of extreme precipitation in the southwest region showed an insignificant downward trend, with a climate inclination rate of only −0.14 times per ten years, but the contribution rate of extreme precipitation to total precipitation showed a significant increasing trend. Extreme precipitation had mutation characteristics in the Southwest, but none of them had passed the significance level test. Extreme precipitation exhibited periodic variation patterns with cycles of 55a, 35a, 21a, and 13a, and the oscillation energies of different periods were significantly different. High values of extreme precipitation are mainly concentrated in the southwest of Yunnan, the majority of Guizhou, and the central Sichuan Basin, with Leshan station in Sichuan province being the center of high values for both precipitation amount and its coefficient of variation. The Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distribution and the Gamma function distribution both exhibit excellent fitting performance for extreme precipitation in the southwestern region, with the Gamma function distribution demonstrating a superior fit.

漓江流域农村居民点时空格局及分异研究

本文基于1980年、2000年、2020年3期遥感影像数据提取漓江流域农村居民点时空分布信息,综合运用景观格局指数、核密度分析、地理探测器等研究方法,分析了1980~2020年漓江流域耕地、林地、草地、水域、其他建设用地、未利用地和农村居民点的面积变化情况,并重点分析了农村居民点的时空格局及分异的特征及其驱动因子。结果表明:40年间,1980~2000年漓江流域农村居民点数量变化不明显,其数量在2000年后发生显著变化。在规模上,居民点斑块的规模变大,斑块数量减少,斑块密度下降,研究区农村居民点整体呈扩张趋势;并且农村居民点在规模上呈现高密度小规模分布和低密度大规模分布。在形态特征上,农村居民点斑块更破碎、更复杂,聚集程度高。在空间分布格局上,农村居民点核密度呈现出“低密度广泛分布,整体分散和局部聚集”的点状分布特征,空间分异显著。研究区农村居民点时空格分异主要受DEM、NDVI和气温影响,且多种因素交互影响着研究区农村居民点的发展。研究结果对漓江流域土地利用结构调整和乡村振兴战略的实施有一定的参考价值。

复杂内陆湖泊水体遥感反射率质量控制与光学分类

本文以典型的草型湖泊乌梁素海为研究区,基于实测归一化遥感反射率数据集(N = 595组)构建了具有代表性的主要水类型遥感反射率的质量控制与光学分类方法。质量控制系统可以很好地识别出有问题的数据,提高数据的鲁棒性,对归一化遥感反射率光谱数据集进行k-means非监督分层聚类分析,定义了9种不同的光谱类型,发现各类间平均反射率光谱存在显著差异,大致分为四个湖泊特征:纯水体类型(1、2类,主要以水体透明度情况而定)、水下淹没类型(3~7类,与水生植被高度参数有关)、水面以上水草类型(8类)和挺水类型(9类),最后分析了遥感反射率光学类型及特征。

金乡县小春作物种植面积提取与时空分析

金乡县是我国“蒜乡”,有2000多年的发展历史,年播种面积约70万亩,年总产80万吨,销往160多个国家。金乡大蒜种植面积大,产量高,质量好,出口量大,素有“世界大蒜看中国,中国大蒜看金乡”的美誉。本文通过面向对象分类提取,对金乡县小春作物的种植面积和种植重心进行时空变化分析。得出以下结论:1) 在2016~2019年里,由于政策和市场、暴雪天气的原因,金乡县大蒜种植面积呈现先增加后减少的趋势,而小麦种植面积则是先减少后增加。2) 由于受土地总面积限制、自然条件变化等各方面因素的影响,大蒜的种植重心无明显偏移。由此也可以说明大蒜作为金乡县主要的种植农作物,其种植重心呈现稳定的状态,属平衡种植的发展类型。金乡县作为大蒜之乡,主要种植的农作物为大蒜,小麦种植作为辅助,受大蒜种植面积的影响,小麦重心偏移不规律且偏移距离相对较大。因此及时了解,准确掌握主要粮食作物大蒜、小麦种植面积、产量等信息对农业生产、农村政策、国家粮食市场的调节、进出口以及粮食政策的制定均有重要意义。Jinxiang County is China’s “garlic township”, has more than 2000 years of development history, the annual sowing area of about 700,000 mu, the annual total production of 800,000 tons, sold to more than 160 countries. Jinxiang garlic planting area is large, high output, good quality, export volume, known as “the world’s garlic to see China, China’s garlic to see Jinxiang” reputation. In this paper, the spatial and temporal changes of planting area and planting center of spring crops in Jinxiang County were analyzed by object-oriented classification. The following conclusions were drawn: 1) From 2016 to 2019, due to the policy, market and blizzard weather, the planting area of garlic in Jinxiang County showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing, while the planting area of wheat decreased first and then increased. 2) Due to the restriction of total land area, changes in natural conditions and other factors, the planting center of gravity of garlic has not significantly shifted. It can also be shown that garlic as the main planting crop in Jinxiang County, its planting center of gravity presents a stable state, belongs to the development type of balanced planting. As the hometown of garlic, garlic is the main crop planted in Jinxiang County, with wheat planting as an auxiliary. Affected by the planting area of garlic, the wheat center of gravity shifts irregularly and the deviation distance is relatively large. Therefore, timely understanding and accurate grasp of the main food crops garlic, wheat planting area, yield and other information are of great significance to agricultural production, rural policies, national food market regulation, import and export and food policy formulation.

基于Forel-Ule指数的呼伦湖水色时空变化研究

Forel-Ule (FUI)指数可以反映湖泊水色变化,从而得知水体水质状况。本文基于FUI指数,利用Landsat影像数据,分析了呼伦湖1986~2023年水色时空变化特征,并探究了其影响因素。结果表明:呼伦湖FUI指数整体上呈逐步升高的趋势,且在2001年前后分别具有缓慢降低和波浪式升高的特征。空间上西部FUI值较低,而东部较高。此外,气温和降水与呼伦湖FUI指数月变化呈负相关关系。

基于POI数据的西安市城六区便利店空间分布及影响因素研究

便利店作为城市的商业基础设施之一,其空间分布对城市的商业结构具有重要影响。基于西安市城六区便利店的兴趣点(Point of interest, POI)数据,运用核密度估计、标准差椭圆等空间统计的方法,分析了西安市城六区便利店的空间分布及影响因素。结果显示:西安市城六区便利店的空间分布存在不均衡现象,呈现中心城区聚集、周边小范围组团的特点,其空间分布方向为北东–南西,总体较为分散,具有一定方向性;区域内人口密度、人均GDP和道路等级是影响便利店空间分布的重要因素。

基于MSPA模型和电路理论的衡阳市主城区热环境空间网络构建

随着城镇化的快速推进,城市热岛效应愈发显著,对生态环境和居民健康造成了严重威胁。以衡阳中心地区为例,通过运用Landsat 5/8地表温度遥感影像,识别衡阳市中心城区热环境空间变化特征。运用形态学空间格局分析方法(MSPA)和电路理论确定了城市核心热岛景观斑块、热环境廊道和重要节点区域,并分析其时空演变特征。研究结果表明:(1) 2011~2019年衡阳市中心城区热岛景观斑块趋于集中,热岛区域面积显著增加。(2) 热岛核心区域面积占热岛景观面积的比例最高。热岛斑块之间连通性与聚集度进一步提高。(3) 通过电路理论识别出58条热环境廊道,障碍点区域86处,一级夹点区域106处。在采取规划措施时,可以中断夹点区域之间的联系,以减缓整个区域的热岛效应,同时重点保护热环境网络的障碍点区域。研究结果对衡阳市主动减缓城市热岛效应,推动城市可持续发展具有重要的实践指导意义。

和美乡村发展潜力与策略研究——以陕西汉中舒家坝为例

基于和美乡村的内涵,本研究构建了宜居、宜业两个维度的评价指标体系,包括17个具体指标,通过层次分析法(AHP)确定了各评价指标的权重,并利用综合指数评价法计算乡村的发展潜能,运用ArcGIS软件对数据进行处理,实现结果的可视化。结合实际,对评价结果进行了深入分析,发现各乡村发展潜力值呈正态分布,可将乡村类型初步划分为低、中、高三层级,根据乡村发展现状对每一层级乡村进行定位,将其分为城乡融合类、农业生产类、生态保育类,并针对各类型乡村短板制定了相应的和美乡村发展策略。这将有助于推动和美乡村的健康建设,同时也为其他地区的乡村振兴发展提供了有益的借鉴和参考。Based on the definition of a harmonious countryside, this study has conducted an evaluation system of two perspectives: livability and workability. And it includes 17 evaluation indicators. The weights of each indicator are determined using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), while the village’s development potential is calculated using a comprehensive index evaluation method. ArcGIS is used to process the data and build visualizations of the results. Along with factual data from reality, we have conducted a deep analysis and found out that the value of the development potential of each village has a normal distribution. The villages can be divided into 3 levels: low, middle and high classes. Based on the current trend of rural development, these villages are in the position to be developed into 3 types of areas: urban-rural integration, agricultural production and ecological conservation. Development strategies have been developed to address the current shortcomings of these rural areas. This will help push the development of harmonious villages even further. This can provide useful information for the development of villages in other areas.

蒙古国中央省土地利用现状评价研究

本文以蒙古国中央省为研究区域,利用2021年土地利用数据,基于土地利用多样化指数、土地利用集中化指数、土地区位指数及土地利用程度等计量地理模型评价其土地利用现状,结果表明:1) 蒙古国中央省土地利用多样化指数较低,土地利用类型单一,高多样化区主要分布于东北部、西北部少部分林草地分布区域,西北部为中多样化区,南部地区草地广泛分布,为低多样化区;2) 中央省土地利用集中化程度较高,各苏木集中化差异性较为明显,空间上呈现出南部高于北部的特点;3) 中央省下辖苏木土地利用类型中耕地和草地区位意义相对较突出,其中耕地区位意义较突出的苏木主要分布在首都乌兰巴托周边和全省地势较低的西和西北部,由于草地是全省主导用地类型且面积最大,草地区位意义较显著的苏木数量最多;4) 中央省土地利用程度不高,土地利用程度综合指数为201.53,下辖各苏木间的差异不明显,空间分布上西北部土地利用程度高于南部和东北部。

基于可能–满意度法下的内蒙古适度人口规模预测

利用可能–满意度法预测了内蒙古2035年的适度人口规模。通过构建涵盖自然资源、生态环境、经济发展和社会生活四个维度的指标体系,综合各要素,确定指标权重,构建P-S模型进行预测。预测结果表明,到2035年内蒙古自治区的最优适度人口规模应在2172.71万人,理想适度人口规模为2257.82万人以上,满意适度人口规模大于2362.60万人,最大适度人口规模为2608.81万人。由此,从自然资源高效利用、生态环境保护修复、经济发展水平提升、社会生活状况优化等四个层面为内蒙古制定适度人口发展策略以促进地区经济高质量发展。The possibility satisfaction method was used to predict the moderate population size of Inner Mongolia in 2035. By constructing an indicator system covering four dimensions of natural resources, ecological environment, economic development, and social life, integrating various elements, determining indicator weights, and constructing a P-S model for prediction. The prediction results indicate that by 2035, the optimal moderate population size for Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region should be 23.9541 million people, with an ideal moderate population size of 24.4971 million or more, a satisfactory moderate population size greater than 25.0559 million people, and a maximum moderate population size of 26.0632 million people. Therefore, from four aspects: efficient utilization of natural resources, ecological environment protection and restoration, improvement of economic development level, and optimization of social living conditions, a moderate population development strategy is formulated for Inner Mongolia to promote high-quality regional economic development.

普者黑“景区带村”的生态效应感知及空间差异研究

随着国家综合国力的提升,旅游业的发展也正在发生着巨大的变化,但同时景区旅游业发展与生态环境之间的矛盾也在日益加剧,因此了解景区周边村落、村民对于生态效应的感知对于景区周围生态环境向好发展具有重要意义。本文用在普者黑景区中收集到22个景区带村的300份调查问卷数据,建立生态效应感知综合性评价指标体系。通过主成分分析法分析和评估从而得出普者黑“景区带村”不同村落存在不同的生态效应感知的差异;同时以这22个村的感知综合评价值为基础研究其是否存在空间差异,通过选取5个空间影响因素(10个指标)与感知综合评价值做相关性分析。分析结果表明:从地域差异上来看,普者黑“景区带村”不同村生态效应感知综合评价值存在大小不一的情况;从空间差异上来看,其普者黑“景区带村”生态效应感知综合评价值呈西高东低、北高南低的空间格局,受普者黑景区坡度、地理距离、植被覆盖度的主导因素影响而存在空间差异。