主业创新对企业价值的影响——基于机会窗口视角的单案例追踪研究

文章采用单案例研究法,从机会窗口视角研究主业创新对企业价值的影响。通过追踪案例企业60年发展历史发现,案例企业价值观从重长期利益转变为重短期利益,战略变革从重主业自主式技术创新转变为重技术模仿式创新和多元化战略,使企业价值形成了从高到低的下降趋势。从案例研究中得出如下结论:当机会窗口出现时,企业必然会作出战略变革来回应机会窗口;主业创新战略是应对机会窗口首要选择的方向;重长期利益的价值观会引导企业的资源配置向能够形成长期价值的主业创新战略倾斜。

专业化、多元化、归核化与主业创新——基于所有制视角的纵向多案例研究

文章通过对国有、集体和民营控股三个企业的多案例追踪研究,从微观视角探讨专业化、多元化和归核化三个不同战略的实施对主业持续创新的影响,并进一步观察主业创新对企业经营业绩的影响。研究发现:企业实施专业化有利于企业主业创新;企业实施多元化战略会对主业存在“挤出”效应,从而抑制主业创新;企业实施归核化战略能够促进主业创新,但是只满足于剥离亏损产业保住壳资源的维持性归核化,不利于主业创新;主业持续创新有利于企业经营业绩的提升。此外,战略实施对主业创新影响的方式和程度会因所有制性质不同产生差异。

试论钢铁企业的技术创新

针对钢铁企业的特点，论述了工艺创新与产品创新的产品，提出了工艺创新是基础，产品创新离不开工艺创新的观点；论述了钢铁主业创新与非钢领域创新的关系，提出了主业创新是企业的根，非钢产业创新是主业创新的补充的观点。对钢铁企业如何兼收专业化和多样化两种战略带来的好处作一一些探讨。

Digital Economy and High-Quality Industrial Development

In the 14th Five-Year Plan period(2021-2025),China has vowed to pursue high-quality industrial development.The digital economy drives high-quality industrial development by creating means of production,reducing transaction costs,transforming industrial organization,and improving the efficiency of resource allocation.The digital factor has become a key factor of production for high-quality development.Digital and user-created innovations are the new normal for cross-sectoral integration and innovation.Great progress has been made in China'high-quality industrial development driven by the digital economy.The rapid development of digital industries and industrial digitalization have reshaped the industrial division of labor and helped the ascension of related industries towards the medium-and high-end links of the global value chains.However,China still faces numerous challenges in the development of its digital economy;it lacks indigenous industrial innovation,depends on foreign supply of core technologies,and is ill-prepared for industrial digitalization.Much work remains to be done to further coordinate the development of some industries and foster digital ecosystems for the symbiosis of industrial chains.In furthering the high-quality industrial development driven by the digital economy,China should stay at the forefront of digital innovation,promote digital governance,enhance data factor agglomeration,and foster digital talents.

Innovation and Technical Efficiency in the Smallholder Dairy Production System in Ethiopia

This study provides estimates of smallholder household＇s production efficiency and its determinants, and separately analyses the technical efficiency of dairy technology adopting and non-adopting farmers using data from Ethiopia. Cobb-Douglas stochastic frontier production function was modeled in the context of local level agricultural innovation systems framework and estimated using 2011 milk production data on 304 dairy farmers. Results show that the mean level of technical efficiency among the sampled farmers was about 26%. This result suggests that there is room for significant increases of production through reallocation of existing resources. Despite significant variation among farmers, these results also indicate only 19% of farmers have mean efficiency scores （_〉 50%）, implying a need to focus on creating innovation capacity that pushes the production frontier outward in the dairy production system. It is also revealed that individual farm households＇ efficiency varied widely across dairy technology adoption status, gender and districts. The significant gamma （g） statistic, of 0.9985 in the analysis indicates that about 99.85% variation in the output of milk production would be attributed to technical inefficiency effects （those under farmer＇s control） while only 0.0015% would be due to random effects, i.e., beyond the farmers control and hence calling for a focus on efficiency enhancing investments. Education, farm size, extension visit and off-farm income opportunity were found to be efficiency enhancing. The study recommends that different components of an agricultural innovation system have to interact to improve the innovation capacity of different actors and thereby improve the estimated technical inefficiencies.

A Historical Overview of China's Upgrading of Its Industrial Structure

This paper investigates the history of upgrade of industrial structure in human society from a combined perspective of economic and philosophical history encompassing primitive society,ancient society and recent and modern society.As far as recent and modern society is concerned,this paper divides the upgrade into two basic aspects:the shifting dominant position of primary,secondary and tertiary industries,and that of laborintensive,capital-intensive and knowledge-intensive industries.Moreover,this paper has examined the history of upgrade of industrial structure in China since 1949 and identified that the upgrade of China's industrial structure demonstrates not only the characteristics of middle and late stages of industrialization but characteristics of modernization as well.According to the general pattern of upgrade of industrial structure in recent and modern society and China's reality,great efforts must be made to improve China's indigenous innovation capacity,expedite agriculture modernization,increase competitiveness and qualitative development of manufacturing sector,and vigorously promote service sector(especially producers services),environmental protection industry,culture industry and maritime industry.

Technological Gap, Innovation Environment and Enterprises＇ Independent R＆D Intensity

By introducing a knowledge production function which combines both foreign technology imports and domestic research and development （R＆D） expenditure into an endogenous technological progress model, this paper examines the mechanism that determines enterprises＇ R＆D intensity in developing countries, and explores how factors such as technological gap, technology absorptive capacity, innovation environment and innovation ability would impact Chinese enterprises＇decision made on R＆D intensity. Our results suggest that technological gap has no significant single impact on enterprises＇R＆D intensity, but rather influences enterprises＇decision on R＆D jointly with other factors such as degree of openness and human capital. A relative fall in efficiency of technology imitation recently has a negative effect on total R＆D intensity but helps to promote enterprises＇ independent R＆D. In addition, among factors related to R＆D innovation environment, industrial R＆D intensity has a significantly positive impact on enterprises＇ independent R＆D intensity, while regional economies of scale, proportion of large enterprises and proportion of government R＆D investment have some certain negative impacts.

Financing of small and micro enterprises based on P2B net loan mode

Small and micro enterprises play an extremely important role in the realization of employment, independent innovation,increasing taxes and so on, It is an important part of national economic development in China. Although the government has introduced a series of supportive policies, but small and micro enterprises arc still faced with many development problems, small and micro enterprises face an important problem is financing difficulty, which relates to its health, sustainable and stable development. This paper analyzes the financing problem of small and micro enterprises from the new net loan mode of P2B, hoping to benefit the development of small and micro enterprises.

China's Fumiture Industry——How to Deal with Foreign Teehnical Barriers to Trade in the Global Economic Crisis

At present,the global economic crisiscontinues to spread across the world.Theeconomies of all countries are sliding into aslump,trade protectionism is gaining ground,andexport orders have declined substantially for productprocessing and trading enterprises.Chinesefurniture companies are suffering from certainnegative impacts.China,as a large furniture producer,should draw lessons from this global economiccrisis.Furniture companies should enhancetheir capabilities of independent innovation andbrand building,increase product quality,and addvalue.In order to reduce losses from foreign technicalbarriers to trade,relevant departmentsshould strengthen their ability to respond to foreigntechnical regulation,standard,conformity assessment,inspection,and quarantine.Because agreat variety of environmental regulations areemerging endlessly,furniture companies must doa good job of producing green label certificationand actively respond to green trade barriers.

On the organizational slack and the choice of the technological innovation strategy in Chinese enterprises

This paper analyzed the relationship between organizational slack and technological innovation strategy in Chinese enterprises through building mathematic model and real options approach. The results show the organizational slack that explored and employed reached to a critical point and can promote enterprises to choose the independent innovation strategy based on R & D (Research and Development); And it is important to identify,explore and employ organizational slack correctly for strengthening the organizational independent innovation capability and raising its performance when the technological innovation strategy based on technological introduction is more and more difficult.

The Policy Evaluating Research on Strategic Emerging Industry in Shanghai

Strategic emerging industry is the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure and transformation of economic development. And it＇ s also the key to enhance China＇s independent innovation capability and international competitiveness. Whether it is from the industrial development of the law or its own development experience of emerging industries, the development of new industries are heavily influenced by national policy, national policy to some extent can be seen as strategic emerging industry development the decisive factor. The article evaluates the effects that the policies to what extent promotes the development of strategic emerging industry in Shanghai.