光放射立体定向治疗联合肝动脉灌注化疗栓塞治疗大肝癌的临床研究

探讨光放射立体定向治疗联合肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)治疗大肝癌(≥10cm)的安全性和有效性。2006年5月至2013年6月我院收治的不能手术的77例大肝癌患者,患者均在行不完全的肝动脉化疗栓塞术后给予光放射立体定向治疗。平均照射总剂量35.6Gy,50%至55%等剂量曲线覆盖靶区,分次剂量2.6至3.0Gy,每日治疗1次,连续治疗6天后休息1天,总疗程12至14次结束。患者分组方式:肿瘤有包膜的为A组,35例,肿瘤无包膜的为B组42例。治疗结束后4周复查CT或MRI评价近期疗效,其后每1至3个月复查1次评估远期疗效及不良反应。77例患者中达到完全缓解(CR)7例(9.1%),部分缓解(PR)54例(70.1%),稳定(SD)10例(13.0%),进展(PD)6例(7.8%),总反应率(CR+PR)79.2%,中位平均随访17个月。总的1年、3年、5年生存率分别为39.0%、13.0%、2.6%,中位生存时间11.6个月(A组分别为57.1%,22.9%,5.7%,中位生存时间18.3个月;B组分别为23.8%、4.8%、0%,中位生存时间10.8个月(P=0.023))。治疗耐受良好,没有严重的放射诱发的肝病和3级以上的不良反应。肿瘤是否具有包膜是影响生存的预后因素。光放射立体定向治疗联合肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗不可手术切除的大肝癌是一种安全有效的治疗手段,值得临床推广。

巴西蔬果出口采用光放射法灭虫

巴西是世界上第3大蔬菜生产国和第1大水果生产国，巴西的农业土地要比美国便宜很多，所以越来越多的美国种植者来到巴西生产水果和蔬菜，再出口到美国市场。在巴西，人们普遍运用电子束技术放射出口的蔬果，杀灭害虫或有害的小动物。

基于JPEG标准的X-光放射图像压缩算法的改进

一、引言 放射图像压缩的目的是在图像质量无视觉损失的前提下减少数据容量,获得低的比特率.由于在数字化放射图像环境中,特别是图片归档和通信系统(PACs)及远程医疗系统中,对传输波段和存储空间的要求已远远超过现存的技术能力,解决这一问题的最好的方法就是进行数据压缩.然而,临床医学诊断图像的有损压缩又面临着复杂的法律和管理规章问题.

放射性夜光涂料作业工人肝损伤

镭^(226)(R_a^(226))、钷^(147)(Pm_m^(147))均是放射性核元素,在某些仪表工业中曾是夜光涂料的重要原料。该放射性物质对人体肝脏有着不同程度的损伤。本文对放射性夜光涂料R_a^(226)、P_m^(147)作业工人的肝、脾损伤情况进行了调查分析。结果表明,接触放射性夜光涂料的37名作业女工经B超检查,肝损伤的发生率(59.46％)、明显高于对照组(6.25％),差异具有显著性(μ=4.69,P<0.01)。

X线放射吸收法指骨骨密度测定在绝经后女性骨质疏松症诊断中的应用

目的:评价X线放射吸收法(Radiographic Absorptiometry,RA)测定指骨骨密度与双能X线吸收法(Dual energy X-ray radiogrammetry,DEXA)测定腰椎和股骨颈骨密度在诊断绝经后女性骨质疏松症的一致性。方法:选取65名绝经后女性,均用RA测定指骨骨密度和DEXA测定腰椎和股骨颈骨密度,用线性回归分析比较两种方法所测的骨质量(Bone mineral density,BMD),用Bland-Altman(B-A)作图法分析比较两种方法所测T值。结果:RA测定指骨BMD与DEXA测定腰椎和股骨颈BMD呈线性关系,相关系数R2分别为0.64、0.56(P<0.01)。B-A分析法显示两种方法检测T值的一致性较好。结论:RA指骨骨密度测定法可应用于绝经后女性骨质疏松症的筛查。

Nonlinear Absorption and Low-threshold Two-photon Pumped Amplified Stimulated Emission from FAPbBr_(3) Nanocrystals

Formamidinium lead bromide(FAPbBr_(3))nanocrystals(NCs)have been considered to be a good optoelectronic material due to their pure green emission,excellent stability and superior carrier transport characteristics.However,two-photon pumped amplified spontaneous emission(ASE)and the corresponding nonlinear optical properties of FAPbBr_(3) NCs are scarcely revealed.Herein,we synthesized colloidal FAPbBr_(3) NCs with different sizes by changing the molar ratio of FABr/PbBr_(2) in the precursor solution,using ligand assisted precipitation(LARP)technology at room temperature.Photoluminescence(PL)and time resolved photoluminescence(TRPL)spectroscopy were measured to characterize their ASE properties.And their nonlinear optical properties were studied through the Zscan technique and the two-photon excited fluorescence method.The stimulated emission properties including oneand two-photon pumped ASE have been realized from FAPbBr_(3) NCs.With large two-photon absorption coefficient(0.27 cm/GW)and high non-linear absorption cross-section(7.52×10^(5) GM),ASE with threshold as low as 9.8μJ/cm^(2) and 487μJ/cm^(2) have been obtained from colloidal FAPbBr_(3) NCs using one-and two-photon excitations.These results indicate that as a new possible green-emitting frequency-upconversion material with low thresholds,FAPbBr_(3) NCs hold great potential in the development of high-performance two-photon pump lasers.

兰台艺苑

兰台艺苑《档案天地》大有作为─—初读《档案天地》感怀北京电视台驻北京铁路分局记者站站长杨玉昆档刊初读即感怀，大笔编纂生异彩，案头信手写诗来．有意开拓出新成。天逢改革好机遇，作业石门观四海，地处燕赵多英才。为人嫁衣献兰台。编者注：该诗系作者规中国档案报...

Application of principal component-radial basis function neural networks (PC-RBFNN) for the detection of water-adulterated bayberry juice by near-infrared spectroscopy

Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy combined with chemometrics techniques was used to classify the pure bayberry juice and the one adulterated with 10% (w/w) and 20% (w/w) water. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to reduce the dimensions of spectral data, give information regarding a potential capability of separation of objects, and provide principal component (PC) scores for radial basis function neural networks (RBFNN). RBFNN was used to detect bayberry juice adulterant. Multiplicative scatter correction (MSC) and standard normal variate (SNV) transformation were used to preprocess spectra. The results demonstrate that PC-RBFNN with optimum parameters can separate pure bayberry juice samples from water-adulterated bayberry at a recognition rate of 97.62%, but cannot clearly detect water levels in the adulterated bayberry juice. We conclude that NIR technology can be successfully applied to detect water-adulterated bayberry juice.

Evaluation of Spectral Scale Effects in Estimation of Vegetation Leaf Area Index Using Spectral Indices Methods

Spectral index methodology has been widely used in Leaf Area Index(LAI) retrieval at different spatial scales. There are differences in the spectral response of different remote sensors and thus spectral scale effect generated during the use of spectral indices to retrieve LAI. In this study, PROSPECT, leaf optical properties model and Scattering by Arbitrarily Inclined Layers(SAIL) model, were used to simulate canopy spectral reflectance with a bandwidth of 5 nm and a Gaussian spectral response function was employed to simulate the spectral data at six bandwidths ranging from 10 to 35 nm. Additionally, for bandwidths from 5 to 35 nm, the correlation between the spectral index and LAI, and the sensitivities of the spectral index to changes in LAI and bandwidth were analyzed. Finally, the reflectance data at six bandwidths ranging from 40 to 65 nm were used to verify the spectral scale effect generated during the use of the spectral index to retrieve LAI. Results indicate that Vegetation Index of the Universal Pattern Decomposition(VIUPD) had the highest accuracy during LAI retrieval. Followed by Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI), Modified Simple Ratio Indices(MSRI) and Triangle Vegetation Index(TVI), although the coefficient of determination R^2 was higher than 0.96, the retrieved LAI values were less than the actual value and thus lacked validity. Other spectral indices were significantly affected by the spectral scale effect with poor retrieval results. In this study, VIUPD, which exhibited a relatively good correlation and sensitivity to LAI, was less affected by the spectral scale effect and had a relatively good retrieval capability. This conclusion supports a purported feature independent of the sensor of this model and also confirms the great potential of VIUPD for retrieval of physicochemical parameters of vegetation using multi-source remote sensing data.

A review of light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation in oil and gas well drilling

The prospect of employing Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation(LASER) for well drilling in oil and gas industry was examined.In this work,the experimental works carried out on various oil well drilling operations was discussed.The results show that,LASER or LASER-aided oil and gas well drilling has many potential advantages over conventional rotary drilling,including high penetration rate,reduction or elimination of tripping,casing,bit costs,enhanced well control,as well as perforating and side-tracking capabilities.The investigation also reveals that modern infrared LASERs have a higher rate of rock cuttings removal than that of conventional rotary drilling and flame-jet spallation.It also reveals that LASER can destroy rock without damaging formation permeability but rather,it enhances or improves permeability and that permeability and porosity increases in all rock types.The paper has therefore provided more knowledge on the potential value to drilling operations and techniques using LASER.

Researches on the Stability of Porphyra-334 Solution and Its Influence Factors

The stability of porphyra-334 in solutions of different pH values at different temperatures was studied. In high acidic conditions, below pH 3, the absorption maximum, λ max, of porphyra-334 shows hypsochromic shift towards lower wavelength and the absorbance also has a light decrease. In high alkaline conditions of over pH 12, the absorbance of porphyra-334 decreases and an unknown compound with a peak maximum at 225 nm appears. The peak height of the unknown compound increases with the decrease of absorbance of porphyra-334. This might be related to the decomposition of porphyra-334. At room temperature, porphyra-334 solutions, except high alkaline solutions, are stable. Increasing the temperature, especially higher than 60℃, promotes the decomposition of porphyra-334 and causes the absorbance decrease both in basic and acidic solutions.

EFFECTS OF SDS,PBS SOLUTIONS UPON FLUORESCENCE VALUES OF DERMATOPHAGOIDES PTERRONYSSINUS RADIOALLERGOSORBENT TEST INHIBITION

Objective To explore the effects of SDS, PBS re-dissolvent solutions on fluorescence values of radioallergosorbent test (RAST) inhibition. Methods Dermatophagoides pterronyssinus allergen immunoCAP and UniCAP 100 System were used. The Sera Pool consisted of 20 Dermatophagoides pterronyssinus allergic patients sera, their specific IgE fluorescence values were between 12 505 and 24 776. Results Fluorescence value percentages decreased: 62.9%, 54.1%, 43.5%, 6.7%, 3.7%, 2.6%, 2.2%, and 1.4% respectively, when SDS concentrations were at 2%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.25%, 0.1%, 0.05%, 0.025%, and 0.01%. Fluorescence values decreased more than 5% with SDS concentrations equal to 0.25% or higher. PBS in 0.1 and 0.01 mol/L concentrations decreased fluorescence values 2.9% and 0.9% respectively. Conclusions SDS is a commonly used surfactants in allergen extract and re-dissolvent prepared allergen precipitation for RAST inhibition. Thus effects of surfactants (e.g. SDS) upon the RAST inhibition tests must be considered when they were used as re-dissolvent agents to improve protein resolution in RAST inhibition.

Growth Mode Investigation of 3,4,9,10-perylenetetra-carboxylic Dianhydride on p-Si Substrates by X-ray Photoemission Spectroscopy

The growth mode of 3,4,9,10-perylenetetra-carboxylic dianhydride(PTCDA) deposited on p-Si substrates can be deduced by X-ray Photoemission Spectroscopy(XPS). The spectrum and fine spectrum at the surface of specimen are studied. Firstly, PTCDA molecules assemble at the defects to form lots of three-dimensional island-like PTCDA crystal nucleuses, and then by the action of delocalized big π bond, two adjacent layers of PTCDA molecules overlap to some extent and finally island-like structure forms. PTCDA molecules of benzene ring combine with Si atoms at the defects, and that of acid anhydride radicals combine with Si atoms at the perfect fraction of the surface. In the course of combination, although the structure of benzene ring doesn't change, the chemical reaction of acid anhydride radicals and Si occurs to break off C=O bond in acid anhydride, and then C-Si-O and silicon oxide might be produced.

A meta-analysis for assessing the value of MR spectroscopy in the diagnosis of prostate cancer

Objective： To assess the value of MR spectroscopy （MRS） in the diagnosis of prostate cancer by meta-analysis. Methods： Prospective studies were selected from the MEDLINE, Ovid, Embase databases, Springer, Elsevier, China National Knowledge Infrastructure. According to the suggestion, results were determined by the ratio of （Cho＋Cr）/Cit. If this ratio was less than 0.75, negative result was respectively determined, and the definitive tumor was diagnosed as this threshold. According to the assessment standard of Evidence-based Medicine, English and Chinese literature in Grade A and B on MRS imaging was included. According to homogeneity test, different effect models were chosen to calculate different pooled weighted values of sensitivity, specificity and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals （95% CI）. Summary receiver operating characteristic （SROC） curves were used to assess the results. Funnel plot was used to analyze publication bias. Results： According to the assessment standard of Evidence-based Medicine, only 5 papers in Grade B were included in this research. The pooled weighted sensitivity and its 95% confidence interval is 82% （73%, 89%） and the pooled weighted sensitivity and its 95% confidence interval is 68% （58%, 76%）. The AUC （area under curve） is 83.40%. An asymmetric funnel plot suggested two missing studies leading to publication bias. Conclusion： If the ratio of （Cho＋Cr）/Cit is regarded as the diagnostic criteria in detecting prostate cancer by MRS, meta-analysis suggests this method has a better diagnostic value to detect the malignant prostate mass but the sensitivity needs to be improved. We hope to support a method and requirement about diagnostic test. Performing perspective register and improving quality of study design is the only way to reduce the bias and get real information of disease.

Effect of Mesa Size on Thermal Characteristics of Ver tical-cavity Surface-emitting Lasers

The effect of mesa size on th e thermal characteristics of etched mesa vertical-cavity surface-emitting lase rs(VCSELs) is studied. The numerical results show that the mesa size of the top mirror strongly influences the temperature distribution inside the etched mesa V CSEL. Under a certain driving voltage, with decreasing mesa size, the location o f the maximal temperature moves towards the p-contact metal, the temperature in the core region of the active layer rises greatly, and the thermal characterist ics of the etched mesa VCSELs will deteriorate.

Etoposide sensitizes CT26 colorectal adenocarcinoma to radiation therapy in BALB/c mice

AIM： To investigate the combined effect of etoposide and radiation on CT26 colorectal adenocarcinoma implanted into BALB/c mice. METHODS： We evaluated the radiosensitizing effect of etoposide on CT26 colorectal adenocarcinoma in a syngeneic animal model. BALB/c mice were subcutaneously implanted with CT26 cells and divided into four groups： Gonlyol （intra-peritoneal saline×2） group, etoposide （5 mg/kg intra-peritoneally×2） group, radiation therapy （RT 5 Gy×2 fractions） group, and combination therapy with etoposide （5 mg/kg intra-peritoneally 1 h before radiation） group. RESULTS： Tumor growth was significantly inhibited by RT and combination therapy. The effect of combination therapy was better than that of RT. No significant changes were noted in body weight, plasma alanine aminotransferase, or creatinine in any group. The leukocyte count significantly but transiently decreased in the RT and combination therapy groups, but not in the etoposide and control groups. There was no skin change or hair loss in the RT and combination therapy groups. CONCLUSION： Etoposide can sensitize CT26 colorectal adenocarcinoma in BALB/c mice to RT without significant toxicity.

Stimulated Raman Scattering in Nanorod Silicon Carbide Films

When the film is excited by a very low excitation energy, thespontaneous Raman scattering emerges. The intensity of Ramanscattering is proportional to the Excitation power below thethreshold excitation. When the excited power reaches the Excitationthreshold, the intensity of Stokes light strongly increases.Meanwhile an anti- Stokes light at 495 nm and multiple order butsmall Stokes peaks occur. The intensity of Stokes light is muchlarger than that of anti-Stokes.